土壤重金属污染评价方法研究进展及其在禁产区划分工作中的比较应用

Research progress of soil pollution assessment methods and their application in the division of non-agricultural producing region

中文关键词:  统计学  土壤  污染  生物有效性  物种敏感性分布法

英文关键词:statistics  soil  contamination  bio-availability  species sensitivity distributions

中文摘要:

      目前, 我国的食品安全问题遭遇前所未有的挑战, 农产品产地的环境污染状况是造成食品安全隐患的一个重要原因。农产品产地禁产区划分是实施《农产品质量安全法》和《农产品产地安全管理办法》, 以保障农产品产地和农产品质量安全的重要环节。由于农产品产地整体污染状况不明, 产地环境标准体系不完善以及相关基础研究的缺乏, 禁产区划分工作因而变得尤为复杂。真实客观地评价土壤污染现状是禁产区划分工作的前提和关键保障。本文以重金属为例, 全面综述了土壤重金属污染评价的各种方法, 包括数理统计法、一般指数法、模型指数法和生物有效性评价法, 并且对每种方法的适用性、优缺点进行了详细阐述。并结合本文列出的方法和依据, 提出了一些农产品产地禁产区划分的建议, 本文的结论和建议将会为农产品产地禁产区的划分提供依据。

英文摘要:

      Nowadays, the food safety problems have become a challenge in China, and the environmental pollution in agricultural producing region is one of the important reasons which can cause the food safety problems. The division of non-agricultural producing region is the precondition and important link for the implementation of ‘Quality safety of agricultural products’ and ‘Safety measures for the management of agricultural regions’ and guarantee of safety of agricultural producing region and agricultural product quality. However, because of the vagueness of overall pollution condition of agricultural producing region, the imperfection of environment standard system, the deficiency of fundamental research, the divisions of non-producing region become very complicated. So, to evaluate the soil contamination status objectively becomes the most important step on the division activity. Taking metal for example, different methods of the assessment of soil metal contamination were reviewed in this paper, and the advantages and disadvantages of each method were also illustrated. According to the mentioned methods, the suggestions for the division of non-producing region were proposed. The results and conclusions of this paper would offer theoretical basis and scientific basis for the division of non-agricultural producing region.