油茶籽油、油橄榄油、核桃油、香榧油中 主要化学成分分析

Analysis of main chemical components in camellia oil, olive oil, walnut oil and torreya seeds oil

中文关键词:  脂肪酸组分  角鲨烯  β-谷甾醇  维生素E

英文关键词:Fatty acid  Squalene  β-Sitosterol  Tocopherols

中文摘要:

      目的 对油茶籽油、油橄榄油、核桃油、香榧油中的主要功能成分进行分析比较。方法 基于气相色谱法和高效液相色谱法对4种木本油脂中脂肪酸组分、角鲨烯、β-谷甾醇和维生素E含量进行了测定, 并对不同油脂中各种功能成分组成和含量进行对比分析。结果 4种木本油脂中总不饱和脂肪酸(USFA)和总饱和脂肪酸(SFA)含量分别在83.1~91.4%和8.6~16.9%之间, 其中单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)和多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)含量差别较大, 油茶籽油和油橄榄油中的单不饱和脂肪酸含量高, 而核桃油和香榧油中的单不饱和脂肪酸含量低; 油橄榄油中角鲨烯含量显著高于其他3种油脂, 达到398.9 mg/100 g; 香榧油中β-谷甾醇含量显著高于其他3种油脂, 达到328.7 mg/100 g, 维生素E在不同木本油脂中存在形式和含量差异较大, 总维生素E含量在24.9~129.8 mg/100 g之间。结论 从主要功能成分组成来看, 油橄榄油和油茶籽油比较接近; 核桃油与香榧油中各种功能成分含量相近, 通过对4种油脂功能成分进行分析比较, 有利于开发和推广我国木本油料资源和产业发展。

英文摘要:

      Objective To analyze and compare the main functional components in camellia oil, olive oil, walnut oil and torreya seeds oil. Method The content of fatty acids, squalene, β-sitosterol and tocopherols in camellia oil, olive oil, walnut oil and torreya seeds oil were determined and analyzed respectively by gas chromatography (GC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Results The unsaturated fatty acids (USFA) and saturated fatty acids (SFA) content of the 4 kinds of oil ranged from 83.1 to 91.4% and 8.6 to 16.9% respectively. The content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) was very different from monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA). Camellia seed oil and olive oil have a large amount of MUFA, while the walnut oil and torreya oil have small amount of that. The content of squalene in olive oil reached 398.9 mg/100 g, which was significantly higher than that of the other 3 kinds of oil. The content of β - sitosterol in torreya oil reached 328.7 mg/100 g. Different kinds of oil have varying amounts of tocopherols, and the total tocopherols content ranged from 24.9 to 129.8 mg/100 g. Conclusion The results show that the content of the fatty acid, squalene, β-sitosterol and tocopherols in torreya oil and walnut oil were very similar; Walnut oil was close to torreya oils in the content of many kinds of functional component. The analysis of 4 kinds of functional component would be helpful for the development and promotion of the woody oil resources and industry in our country.