核酸交联剂在食源致病菌活菌检测中应用的 研究进展

Application of nucleic acid cross-linking agent on detecting viable foodborne pathogens

中文关键词:  食源致病菌  PCR技术  核酸交联剂

英文关键词:foodborne bacteria  PCR technique  nucleic acid cross-linking agent

中文摘要:

      近年来, 由食源致病菌引起的食品安全问题越来越受到人们的重视, 如何快速准确检测食品中是否存在食源致病菌是食品安全研究的热点问题。基于PCR检测食源致病菌的方法因快速且特异性强而被广泛应用, 然而普通的PCR检测方法难以消除死菌残留DNA导致的假阳性结果, 因而无法对致病菌进行准确检测。核酸交联剂是一种含有两个或两个以上烷基化官能团的烷基化试剂, 目前, 在食源致病菌检测中应用的核酸交联剂主要为EMA和PMA。核酸交联剂通过一定方式的诱导可选择性的透过死菌的细胞膜并与DNA产生共价交联, 从而强有力的抑制死菌DNA的PCR扩增, 达到鉴别死菌和活菌的效果。本文就核酸交联剂在食源致病菌活菌检测中应用的研究进展进行了综述, 以期能为相关研究者开发食源致病菌活菌检测方法提供参考。

英文摘要:

      In recent years, food safety issues cause more and more people's attention by foodborne pathogens, and how to quickly and accurately detect the foodborne pathogens in food is a hot issue in food safety research. The methods based on PCR to detect foodborne pathogenic bacteria are widely used for its rapid and strong specificity, however, it is difficult to eliminate false positive results for regular PCR due to the interference of DNA from dead bacteria, and thus it is inability for accurate detection of viable bacteria. Nucleic acid cross-linking agent is a kind of alkylating agent containing two or more than two alkylation functional groups. At present, ethidium bromide monoazide (EMA) and propidium monoazide (PMA) are the most widely used nucleic acid cross-linking agent in the detection of viable foodborne pathogens. The nucleic acid cross-linking agent could selectively penetrate through dead bacteria cell membranes and covalent cross-link their DNA, thus eliminate false signal from the PCR amplification of dead bacteria. This paper reviewed the application of nucleic acid cross-linking agent in the detection of viable foodborne pathogens, with an aim to provide references for researchers to develop viable pathogen detection methods.