浅析我国食品安全的风险因素与责任主体

Analysis of risk factors and responsibility subjects for food safety in China

中文关键词:  食品安全  风险因素  责任主体

英文关键词:food safety  risk factors  main responsibility

中文摘要:

      食品安全问题一直是世界关注的焦点问题, 食品安全与风险总是协调统一、动态存在的。目前, 我国食品安全的监管工作更侧重于风险监测, 只有正确识别、监测、评估和预防风险, 才能将食品安全事件扼制在初始状态。本文通过近几年发生的食品安全事件识别出我国食品安全主要的风险因素, 找到可能引起风险的责任主体, 并将责任主体划分为人、物和管理3个方面。从分析中可以得出人的不安全行为是食品安全的首要风险, 人的因素是第一责任主体。最后列举出我国辨析食品安全责任主体的3处难点: 责任主体及责任大小较难界定、监管权限分工不明和掺杂感情因素。

英文摘要:

      Food safety problem has been the focus of the world problems. The safety and risk of food always existed uniformly and dynamically. The present food safety supervision is focusing on risk monitoring in China. Food safety incidents could be prevented from the beginning by identifying, monitoring, evaluating and pre-venting the risks correctly. Through analysis of food safety incidents occurred in recent years, the author identified the major risk factors of food safety in China, finding the main responsibility and dividing the responsibility subjects into 3 areas: of humans, of materials and of managements. To be drawn from the analysis, unsafe human action was the primary risk of food safety and human factors were the first responsibility. Finally, 3 main problems in analyzing the food safety responsibilities were listed as follow: difficult to define the main responsibility and its subjects, unclear division of supervision and administration, and emotional factors.