玉米存储过程中真菌毒素对其品质影响的研究进展

Research Progress about Effects on the quality of Corn for mycotoxins in Maize Storage Process

中文关键词:  玉米  存储  真菌毒素  检测

英文关键词:Corn  storage  mycotoxin  detection

中文摘要:

      玉米的安全卫生主要受四大方面影响。一是重金属的污染、二是药剂残留、三是苯并芘污染、四是真菌毒素的侵染。在粮库中长期存储的玉米在贮藏期间质的变化可分为内因的陈化与外因的霉变。其中霉变引起的真菌毒素感染是对玉米品质危害最大的因素。本文主要介绍了玉米霉变后能够产生的四种主要真菌毒素的特点及产生条件。通过减少玉米籽粒的破损、控制水分、分类储存等手段来预防玉米霉菌的生长。通过对霉菌活性的检测、霉菌数量和类群的检测、粮温的检测、粮堆气体成分变化的检测、玉米品质指标的理化及微生物检测等手段来监控和判定玉米品质的变化情形。

英文摘要:

      Safety and health in maize is mainly affected by four factors. The first is the pollution of heavy metal, the Second is the pesticide residue, the third is the benzopyrene pollution and the last one is mycotoxin infection. The quality changes of corn in the long-term storage in grain depot can be divided into internal (aging) and external (deterioration). The mildew infection caused by mycotoxins is the biggest factor in harm to the corn quality. This paper mainly introduced the characteristics and growth conditions of four kinds of main mycotoxins caused by corn mildew. The change situation of corn quality were monitored and determined by the Detection of fungal activity, detection of the quantity and the species of fungi, detectionof grain temperature, detection of gas composition in the grain bulk, and detection of physicochemical and microbial of the grain.