食品添加剂法律规制的中美比较研究

A comparative study of legal regulation of food additives between China and USA

中文关键词:  食品添加剂  法律规制  比较研究

英文关键词:food additives  legal regulation  comparison study

中文摘要:

      食品添加剂的规范和管理是关系食品安全的一项重要内容。美国对于食品添加剂的生产、销售和使用, 有着严格的法律规范, 形成了一套较为完备的管理办法和措施。本文通过对比中美两国关于食品添加剂的法律法规、标准体系以及监管体系, 为完善我国食品添加剂法律规制提供借鉴。本文主要介绍了美国食品添加剂法律规制的现状, 包括美国较为完备的立法体系及严格的监管模式, 分析了我国在《食品安全法》为核心的法律体系下食品添加剂法律规制的现状及问题。在肯定了我国《食品安全法》对于食品安全监管的重要作用的同时, 也指出了现阶段我国食品添加剂的滥用和误用、违法使用标识、食品添加剂安全标准有待完善、监管机制存在弊端等问题。通过立法和监管两个层面对中美两国食品添加剂法律规制进行的对比研究, 对我国食品添加剂法律规制提出了完善建议, 包括强化监管执法力度、加强风险评估、完善安全标准和整合监管部门。

英文摘要:

      Regulation and management of food additives is an important part related to food security. The USA has strict laws and regulations for the production, sale and use of food additives, which has formed a series of more comprehensive management approaches and measures. This paper compares the laws and regulations on food additives between China and USA, as well as the standards and regulatory systems for the improvement of legal regulation of food additives, to provide a reference for related study. The article describes the status of the US legal regulation of food additives, including its comprehensive legislative system and strict supervision mode, and also analyzes the current situation and problems in our country under the “Food Safety Law” as the core of the legal system of legal regulation for food additives. Also this paper points out that at the present stage, there are many drawbacks such as abuse and misuse of food additive, illegal use of the logo, food additive safety standards to be perfect, and the regulatory and administrative mechanism to be enhanced in China. The legal regulations of food additives were compared by the legislative and regulatory levels between China and USA. The comparison suggests some practice including strengthening the regulation and law enforcement, and strengthening the risk assessment, improving safety standards and integrating regulatory authorities.