大麦虫油脂超临界二氧化碳萃取及其气相色谱–质谱分析

The supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of superworm oils and analysis by gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry

中文关键词:  超临界二氧化碳萃取  大麦虫(Zophobas morio)油脂  气相色谱–质谱法

英文关键词:supercritical carbon dioxide extraction  superworm(Zophobas morio) oil  gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry

中文摘要:

      目的 研究金针菇菌糠饲养的大麦虫油脂的超临界CO2萃取工艺及其脂肪酸组成。方法 采用超临界CO2萃取大麦虫油脂, 探讨萃取压力、萃取温度对大麦虫油脂萃取率的影响, 经甲酯化处理后用气相色谱-质谱联用仪分析大麦虫脂肪酸组成。结果 影响大麦虫油脂萃取因素的主次顺序依次为萃取压力＞萃取温度＞萃取时间, 考虑生产成本, 本实验选取萃取压力15 MPa、萃取温度55 ℃、萃取时间1.5 h, 在此条件下, 萃取率为52.00%±1.07%。在大麦虫油中分离鉴定出11种脂肪酸, 其中主要为油酸(40.26%)、棕榈酸(29.27%)、亚油酸(16.12%)、硬脂酸(7.38%)等。结论 生物转化农业生产废弃物的大麦虫具有较高的食用和药用价值, 可以源源不断地提供食用、饲料用以及可再生能源的油脂资源。

英文摘要:

      Objective Study on supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) extraction technology and fatty acid composition of superworm (Zophobas morio) fed by Flammulina velutipes bran. Methods The effects of extraction pressure and temperature on the extraction rate of superworm oil which was extracted by supercritical CO2 were discussed, and the fatty acid composition of superworm oil after methyl esterification was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Results The order of superworm oil extraction factors was extraction pressure>temperature>time. Consider the cost of production, this experiment selected the condition of 15 MPa, 55 ℃, 1.5 h, under the condition, the extraction rate was 52.00%±1.07%. 11 kinds of fatty acids from superworm oil by gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry were identified, mainly oleic acid (40.26%), palmitic acid (29.27%), linoleic acid (16.12%), and stearic acid (7.38%), etc. Conclusion Superworm oil has high edible and medicinal value, which enables waste and agricultural by-products to be turned into superworm by biotransformation technology, and supplies oil resources of food, feed and renewable energy continuously.