分子印迹技术在分析检测领域的应用

The application of molecular imprinting technique in analysis and test

中文关键词:  分子印迹  固相萃取  色谱固定相  膜分离  传感器

英文关键词:molecular imprinting  solid-phase extraction  chromatographic stationary phases  membrane separation  sensor

中文摘要:

      分子印迹, 属于超分子化学研究的范畴, 是指以目标分子为模板, 制备对该分子有特异选择性识别的聚合物的过程。分子印迹聚合物以其结构预定性、特异识别性和实用性的特点, 引起了全世界范围的关注。因其具有与天然抗体同样的识别性能和与高分子同样的抗腐蚀性能的双重优点, 因而广泛应用于生物工程、临床医学、环境监测、食品工业等众多领域。本文综述了分子印迹技术的发展历程, 分子印迹聚合物的制备原理及方法以及在固相萃取、色谱分离、膜分离以及传感器领域的应用。色谱分离领域中对分子印迹在高效液相色谱、薄层色谱和毛细管电泳, 以及传感器领域中分别对分子印迹光学传感器和电化学传感器的应用现状进行了阐述, 最后对该技术进行了展望。

英文摘要:

      Molecular imprinting, which belonged to the category of supra molecular chemistry, was the process of preparation of polymer molecule with high specific and selective recognition, which based target molecule as template. Because of the structural predetermination, specific recognition and practical features, molecularly imprinted polymers attracted worldwide attention. Molecular imprinted polymers exhibited both advantages of highly stero- and enantio-selective recognition and strong resistance against corrosion. Therefore, MIPs were used extensively in biotechnology, clinical medicine, environmental monitoring, food industries and so on. The development course of molecular imprinting technique, preparation principles and methods and application in the field of solid-phase extraction, chromatographic separation, membrane separation and sensor were reviewed in this paper. And the application of molecular imprinting in high liquid chromatography, thin layer chromatography, capillary electrophoresis and sensor were also discussed. Finally, this technology in analysis and test was prospected.