虾壳虾青素的提取及其稳定性研究

Extraction and stability research of shrimp astaxanthin

中文关键词:  虾青素  乙酸乙酯  提取  稳定性  测定

英文关键词:astaxanthin  ethyl acetate  extraction  stability  determination

中文摘要:

      目的 以虾头、虾壳为原料, 研究有机溶剂提取虾青素的条件及其稳定性。方法 采用有机溶剂提取法, 单因素实验的基础上优化虾青素提取工艺, 并用分光光度法进行含量测定, 从保存条件、光照、温度、酸度、金属离子等方面对虾壳虾青素稳定性的影响进行了研究。结果 通过数据分析得出提取虾青素的最佳条件为: 用生虾乙酸乙酯为提取溶剂, 25℃下pH 4.0的提取溶液以1:15的用量比提取2 h得到较高的提取率, 在这个条件下虾青素的产量为34.43 μg/g。光照、温度、酸度都能影响到虾壳虾青素的稳定性, 其中光照对其影响最为显著。结论 对于虾壳虾青素提取液, 在高温下不稳定; 对室外光不稳定, 对室内光较稳定; 在弱碱性环境中较稳定; 加入Fe2 、Fe3 、Cu2 、Zn2 、Ca2 、Mg2 、Na 金属离子硫酸盐溶液中, 对色素均有一定的破坏作用, 以Fe2 最为不稳定。

英文摘要:

      Objective To establish an optimum process of astaxanthin extraction, with the organic solvent and to confirm its stability using the head of the prawn, shrimp shell as raw materials. Methods Using organic solvent extraction method, the optimization on the basis of single factor experiment in astaxanthin extraction process, and the content determination of spectrophotometric method, from the storage condition, light, temperature, pH, and metal ion, and the effect on the stability of the prawn shell astaxanthin were studied. Results The data showed that the optimum conditions for extraction of astaxanthin is: extracted by 1:15 dosage at room temperature for 2 h at pH 4.0, using ethyl acetate as extraction solvent for the raw shrimp. The astaxanthin production is 34.43 μg/g under the best conditions. The results also showed that the illumination, temperature, and acidity could affect the stability of astaxanthin from shrimp shell, in which light was the most significant factor. Conclusion The shrimp shell astaxanthin extraction liquid was unstable at high temperatures and outdoor light, but was relatively stable under indoor light. In the weak alkaline environment it was relatively stable. By adding Fe2 , Fe3 , Cu2 , Zn2 , Ca2 , Mg2 , and Na ions in sulfate solution, there were some damage effects to the pigm ent, Fe2 had the most unstable effect.