微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法检测枸杞中31种无机元素及产地和工艺差异分析

Determination of 31 kinds of inorganic elements in Lycium barbarum by microwave digestion-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and analysis of differences in origin and processes

中文关键词:  枸杞  无机元素  高通量分析  干制工艺  风险评估

英文关键词:Lycium barbarum  inorganic elements  high-throughput analysis  drying process  risk assessment

中文摘要:

      目的 测量来自青海、宁夏、甘肃、新疆4个产区的新鲜枸杞、传统干制枸杞和锁鲜干枸杞样本中的31种无机元素, 分析、比较不同产地、不同工艺枸杞中无机元素的含量。方法 采用微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测量枸杞中的31种无机元素; 采用WPS 12.1.0.26375?整理数据, 使用R通过单因素方差分析对不同地区、不同工艺枸杞中的无机元素进行差异性分析。结果 枸杞中含量较高的元素由高到低依次为K、Na、Mg、Ca、Fe、Al、Zn、B、Cu、Mn、Sr、Rb。对4个产区鲜枸杞样品中上述12种无机元素进行差异性分析, 除Rb无显著性差异(P>0.05)以外, 其余11种无机元素均存在统计学差异(P<0.05)。宁夏传统干制枸杞中Na、Fe、Al含量是鲜枸杞的5.2~6.4倍, 而锁鲜干枸杞中Na、Fe、Al含量是鲜枸杞的1.8~2.8倍。结论 微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法准确可靠, 可同时分析枸杞中的常量、微量和痕量元素, 适用于多种场景下枸杞中无机元素的高通量分析。传统干制工艺中枸杞Na、Al异常富集现象显著, 锁鲜工艺则可消除异常富集。应重视针对老年人等特殊群体食用枸杞的健康教育。

英文摘要:

      Objective To test 31 kinds of inorganic elements in fresh, traditionally dried and vacuum-sealed dried Lycium barbarum? from 4 major producing regions (Qinghai, Ningxia, Gansu and Xinjiang) in China, analyze and compare the content variations across different geographical origins and processing techniques. Methods Microwave digestion coupled with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was employed to determine the concentrations of 31 kinds of inorganic elements in Lycium barbarum?. WPS 12.1.0.26375? was used to organize data, and one-way analysis of variance was performed using R software to analyze the differences in inorganic elements among Lycium barbarum from different regions and processing methods. Results The elements with the highest content in Lycium barbarum?, ranked in descending order, were K, Na, Mg, Ca, Fe, Al, Zn, B, Cu, Mn, Sr and Rb. For the 12 kinds of aforementioned elements in fresh Lycium barbarum? from the 4 regions, all except Rb showed statistically significant differences (P<0.05), while Rb exhibited no significant variation (P>0.05). In Ningxia samples, the content of Na, Fe, and Al in traditionally dried Lycium barbarum? were 5.2–6.4 times those in fresh ones?, whereas in vacuum-sealed dried Lycium barbarum these elements were 1.8–2.8 times higher than in fresh ones. Conclusion The microwave digestion-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry method is accurate and reliable, enabling simultaneous analysis of macroelements, microelements and trace elements in Lycium barbarum, and is suitable for high-throughput analysis of inorganic elements in Lycium barbarum across multiple scenarios. The traditional drying process leads to abnormal enrichment of Na and Al in Lycium barbarum, which can be mitigated by the vacuum-sealed drying process. Special attention should be paid to health education on Lycium barbarum consumption for vulnerable populations such as the elderly.