甘南蕨麻猪和杜长大猪前腿肉的品质比较研究

Comparative study on the quality of foreleg meat of Gannan Juema pigs and Duroc-Landrace-Yorkshire pigs

中文关键词:  甘南蕨麻猪  肉品质  营养物质  矿物质  抗氧化酶

英文关键词:Gannan Juema pigs  meat quality  nutrients  minerals  antioxidant enzymes

中文摘要:

      目的 比较甘南蕨麻猪和杜长大猪前腿肉的品质。方法 对8—10月龄的甘南蕨麻猪和杜长大猪的前腿肉进行食用品质、营养品质和抗氧化功能分析。结果 甘南蕨麻猪肉的a*、剪切力、硬度、凝聚性、蛋白质含量、组氨酸、精氨酸、丙氨酸、脯氨酸与缬氨酸含量, 亚油酸、α-亚麻酸、二十碳烯酸、二十二碳一烯酸、花生四烯酸、二十二碳六烯酸、铁元素、铜元素以及锌元素含量显著高于杜长大猪肉(P<0.05); 而L*、b*、脂肪含量、天冬氨酸、谷氨酸、丝氨酸、苏氨酸、蛋氨酸、亮氨酸和赖氨酸等含量显著低于杜长大猪肉(P<0.05)。相较于杜长大猪肉, 甘南蕨麻猪肉色泽优良, 肉质紧实且富有韧性, 常规营养品质呈现高蛋白、低脂肪特点; 其氨基酸组成比例更贴近联合国粮农组织/世界卫生组织理想蛋白质模式。另外, 甘南蕨麻猪肉的饱和脂肪酸含量低, 多不饱和脂肪酸含量高, 矿物质元素富集, 抗氧化酶活性高。结论 甘南蕨麻猪肉具有优良的食用品质、营养品质与抗氧化功能, 契合消费者对健康优质肉类产品的需求, 具备良好的市场开发前景与推广价值。

英文摘要:

      Objective To compare the foreleg meat quality between Gannan Juema pigs and Duroc-Landrace-Yorkshire pigs. Methods The edible qualities, nutritional quality and antioxidant capacity of the foreleg meat from 8 to 10 month-old of Gannan Juema pigs and Duroc-Landrace-Yorkshire pigs were analyzed. Results The a*, shear force, hardness, cohesiveness, protein content, content of histidine, arginine, alanine, proline, valine, linoleic acid, α-linolenic acid, eicosenoic acid, docosenoic acid, arachidonic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, iron element, copper element and zinc element content were significantly higher compared with Duroc-Landrace-Yorkshire pork (P<0.05). Conversely, L*, b*, fat content, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, serine, threonine, methionine, leucine and lysine were significantly lower in Gannan Juema pork (P<0.05). Compared with Duroc-Landrace-Yorkshire pork, Gannan Juema pork exhibited superior color characteristics, compact and tough texture, along with high-protein and low-fat nutritional profiles. Its amino acid composition was closer to the ideal protein pattern recommended by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations/World Health Organization. Moreover, Gannan Juema pork contained lower saturated fatty acids, higher polyunsaturated fatty acids, abundant mineral elements and high antioxidant enzyme activity. Conclusion Gannan Juema pork has excellent edible quality, nutritional quality and antioxidant capacity, which meets consumers’ demand for healthy and high-quality meat products and has good market development prospects and promotion value.