食用油脂中砷的前处理和检测技术研究进展

Research progress in pretreatment and analytical techniques for arsenic in edible oils and fats

中文关键词:  食用油脂  砷形态分析  前处理方法  检测技术  砷脂

英文关键词:edible oil and fats  arsenic speciation analysis  pretreatment method  analytical techniques  arsenolipids

中文摘要:

      砷是常见的有害物质, 具有显著的神经毒性, 还可能引发肝、肾等器官的功能损伤, 因此被国际癌症研究机构归为I类致癌物, 引发了广泛关注。鉴于食用油脂中不同化学形态的砷在环境迁移和生物代谢过程中毒性表现各异, 对食用油脂中砷污染的风险评估工作变得尤为复杂。本文首先对食用油脂的分类及其砷污染的主要来源进行了梳理, 随后重点综述了砷分析检测中样品前处理技术与仪器分析方法的研究进展及最新成果。在样品前处理技术方面, 本文总结了传统的微波消解、液液萃取、固相萃取等技术, 并探讨了针对油脂基质高黏度、高有机物干扰的优化措施, 以及新型材料吸附富集技术的应用潜力。在检测技术方面, 本文对比了原子荧光光谱技术与电感耦合等离子体质谱、色谱联用等技术的适用性及性能优劣, 阐述了它们在测定总砷和形态分析中的可行性。最后, 本文总结了该领域当前面临的问题与挑战, 并针对这些难题对未来的研究方向进行了展望, 期望能为食用油脂中砷污染的研究提供有益的参考和借鉴。

英文摘要:

      Arsenic, a common hazardous substance, exhibits significant neurotoxicity and may induce dysfunction in the liver, kidneys and other organs. Consequently, it has been classified as a group I carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer, drawing widespread attention. Given that arsenic species in edible oils display varying toxicities during environmental migration and biological metabolism, the risk assessment of arsenic contamination in edible oils and fats becomes particularly complex. This paper initially outlined the classification of edible oils and the primary sources of arsenic contamination. Subsequently, it focused on reviewing the research progress and latest achievements in sample pretreatment techniques and instrumental analytical techniques for arsenic analysis and detection. Regarding sample pretreatment techniques, the paper summarized traditional methods such as microwave digestion, liquid-liquid extraction and solid-phase extraction, and discussed optimization measures for addressing challenges posed by the high viscosity and high organic content of oil matrices, as well as the potential applications of novel materials for adsorption and enrichment. In terms of detection techniques, the paper compared the applicability and performance of atomic fluorescence spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and chromatography-based methods, highlighted their respective feasibility in total arsenic determination and speciation analysis. Finally, this paper summarized the current challenges and issues in this field and providing an outlook on future research directions in response to these prominent problems, aiming to offer valuable references and insights for the study of arsenic contamination in edible oils.