食鹿角菜假交替单胞菌A1降解海带的产物分析

Analysis of the degradation products of Pseudoalteromonas carrageenovora A1 on Saccharina japonica

中文关键词:  海带  微生物发酵降解法  食鹿角菜假交替单胞菌A1  多糖与寡糖

英文关键词:Saccharina japonica  microbial fermentation degradation method  Pseudoalteromonas carrageenovora A1  polysaccharides and oligosaccharides

中文摘要:

      目的 评价食鹿角菜假交替单胞菌A1对海带的降解效果, 并系统分析降解产物的多糖特性。方法 通过筛选获得一株可降解海带的食鹿角菜假交替单胞菌A1, 对海带发酵后获得的发酵液进行分析。将发酵液及分步醇沉组分进行了含量分析、单糖组成分析和分子量分析, 并对海带残渣进行了扫描电子显微镜观察。结果 该菌株可显著破坏海带细胞壁; 降解产物包含不同分子量多糖与寡糖, 沉淀中包含大分子量多糖, 而上清液中主要富集1.4~1.7 kDa的寡糖。对沉淀组分进一步分析可知岩藻糖含量较高, 其中70%醇沉沉淀达4.08%; 单糖组成分析表明, 沉淀富含岩藻糖、半乳糖和甘露糖, 并检出褐藻胶特征单元, 证实产物中含褐藻多糖硫酸酯与褐藻胶。结论 食鹿角菜假交替单胞菌A1具有分解海带, 破坏海带细胞壁, 释放其中糖类化合物的功能。通过分级醇沉, 能够有效获得不同分子量的海带多糖及寡糖, 为采用发酵技术开发海带多糖与寡糖, 获取生物活性原料以用于食品工业生产提供了思路。

英文摘要:

      Objective To evaluate the degradation effects of Pseudoalteromonas carrageenovora A1 on Saccharina japonica and systematically analyze the polysaccharide characteristics of the degradation products. Methods A strain of Pseudoalteromonas carrageenovora A1 capable of degrading Saccharina japonica was obtained through screening. The fermentation broth acquired after Saccharina japonica fermentation was analyzed. The content determination, monosaccharide composition analysis and molecular weight analysis were performed on the fermentation broth and its fractional ethanol precipitation components, and the Saccharina japonica residues were observed by scanning electron microscopy. Results This strain could significantly damage the cell wall of Saccharina japonica. The degradation products contained polysaccharides and oligosaccharides with a wide molecular weight range, while the supernatant mainly enriched oligosaccharides of 1.4–1.7 kDa. Further analysis of the precipitated components revealed that the content of fucose was relatively high, with 70% alcohol precipitation reaching 4.08%; the monosaccharide composition analysis indicated that the precipitation was rich in fucose, galactose and mannose, and the characteristic units of alginate were detected, confirming that the products contained sulfated fucopolysaccharides and alginate. Conclusion Pseudoalteromonas carrageenovora A1 has the function of decomposing Saccharina japonica, destroying the cell wall and releasing the carbohydrate compounds. Polysaccharides and oligosaccharides with different molecular weights from Saccharina japonica can be effectively obtained by alcohol precipitation, providing a method to develop kelp polysaccharides and oligosaccharides through fermentation technology and obtain bioactive materials for the food industry.