食品软包装中芳香族伯胺及其食品安全管理的研究与分析

Research and analysis of primary aromatic amines and their food safety management in food flexible packaging

中文关键词:  食品软包装  芳香族伯胺  食品安全  风险管理与控制

英文关键词:food flexible packaging  primary aromatic amines  food safety  risk management and control

中文摘要:

      为全面掌握法规标准对芳香族伯胺(primary aromatic amines, PAAs)的管理要求, 剖析其在食品软包装中的潜在来源与迁移规律, 本文系统梳理了PAAs的应用特性、毒理危害、国内外相关法规标准及检测技术, 深入探讨其在该类包装中的来源路径及迁移机制, 并从食品接触材料全供应链视角构建系统性管控策略。研究发现, PAAs作为偶氮染料、聚氨酯树脂等材料的关键原料, 因具有致癌与致突变毒性, 是国际公认的食品接触材料高风险物质。目前, 中国、欧盟等地区采用“总量管控+单项限量”相结合的管理模式管控其食品安全风险; 食品软包装中PAAs主要来源于原料中的有意或非有意添加物, 迁移量大小受材料特性、生产工艺、使用温度、接触介质等因素影响, 其迁移风险值得高度关注。因此, 企业可通过原料替代、包装结构优化、工艺调控、规范使用等措施降低PAAs迁移风险, 并根据终产品的预期用途开展迁移量测试以确保产品合规。此外, 本文展望了PAAs迁移预测模型构建、新型阻隔材料开发及检测技术升级3大重点研究方向, 为食品软包装行业PAAs的合规管理与食品安全保障提供技术支撑。

英文摘要:

      To comprehensively understand the regulatory standards for the management of primary aromatic amines (PAAs) and analyze their potential sources and migration patterns in food flexible packaging, this paper systematically reviewed the application characteristics, toxicological hazards, relevant domestic and international regulations and standards and detection technologies of PAAs. It further explored their sources and migration mechanisms in such packaging and proposed systematic control strategies from the perspective of the entire food contact material supply chain. The study found that PAAs, as key raw materials in substances such as azo dyes and polyurethane resins, were internationally recognized as high-risk substances in food contact materials due to their carcinogenic and mutagenic toxicity. Currently, regions such as China and the European Union adopted a “total control and individual limit” management model to regulate their food safety risks. In flexible food packaging, PAAs primarily originate from intentional or unintentional additives in raw materials, and the migration levels were influenced by multiple factors such as material properties, production processes, usage temperatures and contact media, made their migration risks a matter of significant concern. Therefore, enterprises could reduce PAAs migration risks through measures such as raw material substitution, packaging structure optimization, process control and standardized usage, and conduct migration testing based on the intended use of the final product to ensure compliance. Furthermore, this paper outlined 3 key research directions: The development of PAAs migration prediction models, the innovation of new barrier materials and the advancement of detection technologies, providing technical support for the compliance management and food safety assurance of PAAs in the flexible food packaging industry.