工厂化养殖条纹锯鮨肌肉营养成分与食用品质分析

Analysis of nutritional composition and edible quality of the muscle of factory-farmed Centropristis striata

中文关键词:  条纹锯鮨，营养成分  氨基酸评价  脂肪酸组成

英文关键词:Centropristis striata  nutritional components  amino acid evaluation  fatty acid composition

中文摘要:

      目的 分析工厂化养殖条纹锯鮨(Centropristis striata)肌肉营养成分与食用品质。方法 采集工厂化养殖的条纹锯鮨样本, 测定并分析了其基本营养成分、氨基酸、脂肪酸、维生素及矿物质含量。结果 条纹锯鮨肌肉中水分、蛋白质、脂肪和灰分含量分别为71.00%、19.30%、8.60%和1.30%; 共检出17种氨基酸, 氨基酸总量为18.85%, 其中必需氨基酸占比41.06%, 必需氨基酸指数为96.20, 表明其为优质蛋白来源; 脂肪酸组成均衡, 多不饱和脂肪酸占比34.66%, 二十二碳六烯酸(docosahexaenoic acid, DHA)和二十碳五烯酸(eicosapentaenoic acid, EPA)含量分别为4.14%和2.98%, n-6/n-3多不饱和脂肪酸比值为2.48:1, 动脉粥样硬化指数和血栓形成指数分别为1.14和0.50; 此外, 该鱼种富含维生素E (497 μg/100 g)和硒(0.720 mg/kg), 矿物质呈现“高钾低钠”特征(钾含量3901 mg/kg, 钠钾比0.116), 特别适合“三高”人群膳食需求。结论 条纹锯鮨具有均衡的氨基酸组成, 丰富的不饱和脂肪酸、较高的维生素与矿物质含量, 整体营养价值突出, 是极具开发潜力的优质蛋白源。

英文摘要:

      Objective To analyze the nutritional composition and edible quality of the muscle of Centropristis striata cultured in factory. Methods A comprehensive analysis of the basic nutrients, amino acids, fatty acids, vitamins and mineral elements was conducted on farmed Centropristis striata under industrialized aquaculture conditions. Results The muscle contained 71.0% moisture, 19.3% crude protein, 8.6% crude fat and 1.3% ash. A total of 17 kinds of amino acids were identified, with a total amino acid content of 18.85%. Essential amino acids accounted for 41.06% of the total amino acids, and the essential amino acid index was 96.20, indicating that Centropristis striata was a high-quality protein source. The fatty acid profile was well-balanced, with polyunsaturated fatty acids comprising 34.66% of the total fatty acids. The content of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) were 4.14% and 2.98%, respectively, and the n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratio was 2.48:1. The atherogenic index and thrombogenic index were 1.14 and 0.50, respectively. In addition, Centropristis striata was rich in vitamin E (497 μg/100 g) and selenium (0.720 mg/kg). Its mineral profile exhibited a “high potassium, low sodium” characteristic (potassium: 3901 mg/kg; sodium/potassium ratio: 0.116), suggesting that it is particularly suitable for the dietary needs of individuals with hypertension, hyperlipidemia or diabetes. Conclusion Centropristis striata possesses a balanced amino acid profile, abundant unsaturated fatty acids and high levels of vitamins and minerals, demonstrating high nutritional value and strong potential as a high-quality protein source.