植物甾醇样品制备和检测方法研究现状与趋势

Current status and trends of sample preparation and detection methods for phytosterols

中文关键词:  植物甾醇、检测技术、气相色谱、液相色谱

英文关键词:phytosterols  detection technology  gas chromatography  high performance liquid chromatography

中文摘要:

      植物甾醇是一类具有环戊烷多氢菲母核的三萜类天然活性化合物, 广泛应用于食品、医药以及化妆品等领域, 对植物甾醇进行精准的分析是保障其功效与质量的基础。但是植物甾醇在复杂基质中形态多样、含量低且存在大量的异构体, 这些问题给定性和定量分析带来极大的挑战。本文系统回顾了植物甾醇从样品的前处理方法到定量检测分析方法的研究进展。首先梳理了从传统皂化法到固相萃取法、加速溶剂萃取法以及超临界流体萃取法等现代前处理技术的发展现状及其适用场景, 然后重点分析了气相色谱法(gas chromatography, GC)、高效液相色谱法(high performance liquid chromatography, HPLC)及其与质谱(mass spectrum, MS)联用技术的相关原理与性能差异。进一步指出当前分析技术趋向于前处理方法的绿色化与自动化、检测手段的多维联用与智能化, 以及形态的精准分析与组学研究的方向。本文通过系统梳理分离检测技术的研究现状与发展方向, 以期为植物甾醇的深入研究、标准建立及产业化应用提供技术参考。

英文摘要:

      Phytosterols are a class of important triterpene natural active compounds with a cyclopentane perhydrophenanthrene nucleus. They are widely used in the fields of functional foods, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics. Their accurate analysis is crucial for ensuring the efficacy and quality of products. However, phytosterols in complex matrices show various forms, low contents and numerous isomers. These characteristics bring great challenges to the qualitative and quantitative analysis of phytosterols. This article systematically reviewed the research progress of phytosterols, covering the pre-treatment methods of samples as well as the quantitative detection and analysis methods. First, this paper reviewed the development status and applicable scenarios of modern pretreatment technologies, from traditional saponification extraction methods to solid-phase extraction, accelerated solvent extraction and supercritical fluid extraction. Then the key analysis focused on the relevant principles and performance differences of gas chromatography (GC), high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and their combined techniques with mass spectrometry (MS). It further pointed out that current analytical technologies were developing in the direction of greener and more automated pretreatment methods, multi-dimensional and intelligent detection approaches, and accurate morphological analysis and omics research. This paper systematically reviewed the current research status and development trends of separation and detection technologies, aiming to provide a systematic technical reference and strategic guidance for in-depth research, standard establishment, and industrial application of phytosterols.