量子点在食品中瘦肉精残留检测中的应用研究进展

Research progress on the application of quantum dots in the detection of lean meat powder residues in food

中文关键词:  量子点  瘦肉精  荧光特性  免疫分析；电化学发光

英文关键词:quantum dots  lean meat powder  fluorescence characteristics  immunoassay  electrochemiluminescence

中文摘要:

      食品安全问题是当前我国社会关注的焦点之一。瘦肉精是一类能够促进动物瘦肉生长、提高肉料比的药物。瘦肉精在动物性食品中的残留严重威胁消费者健康, 因此发展快速、灵敏的检测技术至关重要。量子点作为一种新型纳米材料, 凭借其独特的光学与电学性能, 在食品分析领域展现出广阔的应用前景。本文从量子点与检测手段两方面梳理量子点快速检测技术在瘦肉精残留检测方面的最新应用进展, 综述了量子点的基本结构与显著特性, 重点聚焦于量子点在瘦肉精残留检测中的具体应用, 系统阐述了三大主流分析技术的研究现状(基于量子点荧光特性的荧光分析技术、结合抗原抗体特异性反应的免疫分析技术以及利用量子点修饰电极提升灵敏度的电化学分析技术), 总结了量子点传感技术在当前研究中面临的挑战, 并展望其未来发展方向。本文旨在为开发高灵敏、快速、便携的瘦肉精检测新技术提供有价值的参考。

英文摘要:

      Food safety issues are one of the current focuses of social concern in China. Lean meat powder is a type of drug that can promote lean meat growth in animals and improve the meat-to-feed ratio. The residue of lean meat powder in animal-derived foods poses a serious threat to consumer health, so the development of rapid and sensitive detection technologies is vital importance. Quantum dots, as a new type of nanomaterial, have shown broad application prospects in the field of food analysis due to their unique optical and electrical properties. This paper reviewed the latest application progress of rapid detection technologies in the detection of lean meat powder residues from 2 aspects: Quantum dots and detection methods. It mainly introduced the basic structure and significant characteristics of quantum dots, focused on the specific application of quantum dots in the detection of ractopamine residues, systematically elaborated on the research status of 3 mainstream analytical techniques (fluorescence analysis technology based on the fluorescence characteristics of quantum dots, immunoassay technology combining the specificity of antigen-antibody reactions and electrochemical analysis technology that enhanced sensitivity by modifying electrodes with quantum dots), summarized the challenges faced by quantum dot sensing technology in current research and looked forward to its future development directions. This article aims to provide valuable references for the development of new, highly sensitive, rapid and portable detection technology for lean meat powder.