2023—2024年佳木斯市蔬菜中农药残留风险评估

Risk assessment of pesticide residues in vegetables in Jiamusi City from 2023 to 2024

中文关键词:  蔬菜  农药残留 风险评估

英文关键词:vegetables  pesticide residues  risk assessment

中文摘要:

      目的 评估2023—2024年佳木斯市蔬菜中农药残留水平及其膳食摄入风险。方法 运用气相色谱-质谱法和高效液相色谱-质谱法, 对农贸市场和超市采集的90份蔬菜样品中38种农药残留进行定量检测。并对检出农药进行慢性和急性膳食摄入风险评估。结果 蔬菜农药残留检出率为63.33%, 氯氟氰菊酯、腐霉利、多菌灵、三唑磷等为主要检出农药。不同品类间, 叶菜类为蔬菜高风险品类。慢性和急性膳食摄入风险评估表明, 各类农药的每日允许摄入量百分比(acceptable daily intake%, ADI%)、急性参考剂量百分比(acute reference dose%, ARfD%)及食品安全指数(index of food safety, IFS)均低于安全阈值, 整体风险可控。结论 研究证实佳木斯市蔬菜存在一定农药残留, 虽膳食摄入风险总体可接受, 但需强化高风险农药监管, 优化监测体系并推进差异化管理。

英文摘要:

      Objective To assess the levels of pesticide residues in vegetables in Jiamusi City from 2023 to 2024 and their dietary intake risks. Methods Quantitative detection of 38 kinds of pesticide residues in 90 vegetable samples collected from farmers’ markets and supermarkets was conducted by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Chronic and acute dietary intake risk assessments were conducted for detected pesticides. Results The detection rate of pesticide residues in vegetables was 63.33%. Cyfluthrin, propafenil, carbendazim and triadimefon were the main detected pesticides. Among different categories, leafy vegetables were high-risk types of vegetables. Chronic and acute dietary intake risk assessment indicated that the acceptable daily intake% (ADI%), acute reference dose% (ARfD%) and index of food safety (IFS) of various pesticides were all below the safety threshold and the overall risk was controllable. Conclusion The study confirms that there are certain pesticide residues in vegetables in Jiamusi City. Although the overall dietary intake risk is acceptable, it is necessary to strengthen the supervision of high-risk pesticides, optimize the monitoring system and promote differentiated management.