西北某省市售食用植物油中黄曲霉毒素B1污染情况调查及膳食暴露风险评估

Investigation on the pollution situation and risk assessment of dietary exposure of aflatoxin B1 in edible vegetable oil sold in a certain province in Northwest China

中文关键词:  食用植物油，黄曲霉毒素B1，膳食暴露，风险评估

英文关键词:edible vegetable oil  aflatoxin B1  dietary exposure  risk assessment

中文摘要:

      目的 调查了解西北某省市售食用植物油中黄曲霉毒素B1污染状况, 并对其人群膳食暴露风险进行评估。方法 采集2023—2024年西北某省市售食用植物油样品共计233批次, 按照GB 5009.22—2016《食品安全国家标准 食品中黄曲霉毒素B族和G族的测定》中规定方法进行检测, 对食用植物油中黄曲霉毒素B1含量情况进行分析, 根据成人膳食消费量, 应用点评估方法对居民的黄曲霉毒素B1膳食暴露风险进行评估。结果 在233批次食用植物油样品中, 黄曲霉毒素B1的总体检出率为0.43%, 超标率为0%, 平均含量为0.017 μg/kg。该省成年居民食用植物油膳食暴露量平均值和高暴露值(第95百分数P95)分别为0.011 ng/(kg·BW·d)和0.009 ng/(kg·BW·d), 暴露边界比(margin of exposure, MOE)均值和P95均大于10000, 成年居民肝癌发病风险均在可接受范围内。结论 2023—2024年西北某省各类市售食用植物油黄曲霉毒素B1污染情况总体较轻, 安全程度较高, 各年龄段不同性别成年居民平均膳食暴露和高暴露膳食风险和肝癌发病风险均在可接受范围内, 但仍需持续关注和监测食用植物油食品安全风险, 加强监管力度, 进一步防范和减少食用植物油中黄曲霉毒素B1膳食暴露风险。

英文摘要:

      Objective To investigate the pollution situation of aflatoxin B1 in commercially available edible vegetable oils in a certain province in Northwest China and evaluate the dietary exposure risk for local residents. Methods A total of 233 commercially available edible vegetable oil samples were collected from the northwest province between 2023 and 2024. Aflatoxin B1 content was determined in accordance with GB 5009.22—2016 National food safety standard-Determination of aflatoxins B and G in foods. The aflatoxin B1 content in edible vegetable oils was analyzed, and the point assessment method was applied to assess the dietary exposure risk of aflatoxin B1 among the general population based on adult dietary consumption data. Results Among the 233 batches of edible vegetable oil samples, the overall detection rate of aflatoxin B1 was 0.43%, with no samples exceeding the standard limit. The average aflatoxin B1 content was 0.017 μg/kg. The average dietary exposure and high exposure level (95th percentile, P95) of aflatoxin B1 from edible vegetable oils for adult residents in this province were 0.011 ng/(kg·BW·d) and 0.009 ng/(kg·BW·d), respectively. Both the mean and P95 values of the margin of exposure (MOE) were greater than 10000, suggesting that the liver cancer risk associated with aflatoxin B1 exposure was within the acceptable range for adult residents. Conclusion The pollution situation of aflatoxin B1 in various commercially available edible vegetable oils in a certain province in Northwest China during 2023—2024 is generally mild, with a high level of safety. The average dietary exposure, high-exposure dietary risk and liver cancer incidence risk of adult residents of different genders in all age groups are all within the acceptable range. However, it is still necessary to continuously pay attention to and monitor the food safety risks of edible vegetable oils, strengthen supervision and further prevent and reduce the dietary exposure risk of aflatoxin B1 in edible vegetable oils.