2022—2024年江苏省市售食品中沙门氏菌和致泻大肠埃希氏菌污染及耐药状况

Contamination and antimicrobial resistance status of Salmonella and diarrheagenic Escherichia coli isolated from commercially available foods in Jiangsu Province from 2022 to 2024

中文关键词:  市售食品  沙门氏菌  致泻大肠埃希氏菌  药敏试验

英文关键词:commercially available foods  Salmonella  diarrheagenic Escherichia coli  susceptibility test

中文摘要:

      目的 分析江苏省市售食品中沙门氏菌和致泻大肠埃希氏菌的污染和耐药状况。方法 2022—2024年在江苏省采集市售食品共8110份, 使用《国家食品污染物和有害因素风险监测工作手册》方法进行沙门氏菌和致泻大肠埃希氏菌检测和分型, 使用微量肉汤稀释法进行药敏试验。结果 市售食品中沙门氏菌检出率4.6%, 致泻大肠埃希氏菌检出率2.9%。肉与肉制品中沙门氏菌和致泻大肠埃希氏菌检出率均为最高, 分别为9.9%、4.7%, 其次是水产及其制品, 检出率分别为2.4%和1.9%。262株沙门氏菌共分出49种血清型, 37株未能分型, 肠炎沙门氏菌、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌和肯塔基沙门氏菌为优势血清型。116株致泻大肠埃希氏菌中, 绝大多数为肠道聚集性大肠埃希氏菌(enteroaggregative Escherichia coli, EAEC), 占比87.1%。沙门氏菌和致泻大肠埃希氏菌均对四环素、氨苄西林和氯霉素耐药率高, 对替加环素和碳青霉烯类抗生素较为敏感。沙门氏菌和致泻大肠埃希氏菌多重耐药率分别为65.3%、59.5%。结论 江苏省市售食品中分离的沙门氏菌血清型多样, 沙门氏菌和致泻大肠埃希氏菌耐药水平较高、多重耐药比较严重、耐药谱复杂, 畜牧养殖、监管部门等需引起高度重视。

英文摘要:

      Objective To investigate the contamination and antimicrobial resistance status of Salmonella and diarrheagenic Escherichia coli in commercially available foods in Jiangsu Province. Methods A total of 8110 samples of commercially available foods were collected in Jiangsu Province from 2022 to 2024. Salmonella and diarrheagenic Escherichia coli were detected and typed using the methods specified in the National work manual for food contaminant and hazardous factor risk monitoring, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by the broth microdilution method. Results The overall detection rate of Salmonella and diarrheagenic Escherichia coli was 4.6% and 2.9%, respectively. Meat and meat products had the highest detection rates of both pathogens, which were 9.9% for Salmonella and 4.7% for diarrheagenic Escherichia coli, followed by aquatic products, with the rate of 2.4% and 1.9%. The 49 kinds of serotypes were identified among the 262 Salmonella strains, 37 strains could not be typed. Salmonella enteritidis, Salmonella typhimurium and Salmonella kentucky were the dominant serotypes. Among the 116 diarrheagenic Escherichia coli isolates, most were enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC), accounting for 87.1%. Both Salmonella and diarrheagenic Escherichia coli showed high resistance rates to tetracycline, ampicillin and chloramphenicol, while they were relatively sensitive to tigecycline and carbapenem antibiotics. The multi-drug resistance rates of Salmonella and diarrheagenic Escherichia coli were 65.3% and 59.5%, respectively. Conclusion Salmonella isolated from commercially available foods in Jiangsu Province have diverse serotypes. Both Salmonella and diarrheagenic Escherichia coli exhibit high levels of antimicrobial, multidrug resistance and complex resistance spectra. This issue demands great attention from animal husbandry and regulatory authorities.