2024年呼伦贝尔市市售蔬菜中二硫代氨基甲酸酯类农药残留监测与分析

Monitoring and analysis of dithiocarbamate pesticide residues in market vegetables in Hulunbuir

中文关键词:  呼伦贝尔市  二硫代氨基甲酸酯类农药  蔬菜  农药残留  气相色谱-质谱法。

英文关键词:Hulunbuir  vegetables  pesticide residues  gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

中文摘要:

      目的 了解2024年呼伦贝尔市市售蔬菜中二硫代氨基甲酸酯类(dithiocarbamate, DTCs)农药的残留现状。方法 2024年于呼伦贝尔市市售环节采集叶菜类、根茎类、鲜豆类等6类144份蔬菜样品, 采用溶剂吸收气相色谱-质谱法(gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, GC-MS)测定DTCs农药含量(以CS2计), 并使用Excel 2016和SPSS 20.0软件进行统计分析。结果 DTCs农药总检出率59.03% (85/144), 残留量为0.01~2.50 mg/kg(以CS2计), 其中, 甘蓝类、鳞茎类检出率均高于80%, 叶菜类残留量最大(2.50 mg/kg); 阿荣旗及农业主产区检出率显著高于其他地区(2=33.329, P<0.05; 2=12.491, P<0.05); 而超市与农贸市场、本地与外地样品间检出率差异无统计学意义。结论 呼伦贝尔市市售蔬菜中检出DTCs情况较普遍, 建议结合地区特点推广科学用药技术, 加强农药残留监测, 进一步完善标准修订, 本研究为风险评估提供科学依据。

英文摘要:

      Objective To investigate the residual status of dithiocarbamate (DTCs) pesticides in market available vegetables in Hulunbuir in 2024. Methods In 2024, a total of 144 vegetable samples from 6 kinds of categories, including leafy, root vegetables, fresh legumes were collected from commercial retail chain in Hulunbuir City. The content of DTCs pesticide residues (calculated as CS2) were determined using solvent absorption gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Statistical analysis was performed using Excel 2016 and SPSS 20.0 software. Results The overall detection rate of DTCs pesticides was 59.03% (85/144), with residue levels ranging from 0.01 to 2.50 mg/kg (calculated as CS2). Among the vegetable categories, both cabbage vegetables and bulb vegetables exhibited detection rates exceeding 80%, while leafy vegetables showed the highest residue level (2.50 mg/kg). The detection rates in Arong Banner and the main agricultural production areas were significantly higher than in other regions (χ2=33.329, P<0.05; 2=12.491, P<0.05). In contrast, no statistically significant differences in detection rates were observed between samples from supermarkets and farmers’ markets, or between locally produced and non-local samples. Conclusion The detection of DTCs pesticide in commercially available vegetables in Hulunbuir is relatively common. It is recommended to promote scientific pesticide application techniques tailored to regional characteristics, strengthen pesticide residue monitoring, and further refine standard revisions. This study provides a scientific basis for risk assessment.