邯郸地区玉米和小麦及其制品中交链孢霉毒素的污染状况及膳食暴露风险评估

Contamination status and dietary exposure risk assessment of alternaria toxins in corn, wheat and their products in Handan area

中文关键词:  交链孢霉毒素  小麦  玉米  超高效液相色谱串联质谱法  风险评估

英文关键词:alternaria toxins  wheat  corn  ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry  risk assessment

中文摘要:

      目的 了解邯郸地区玉米和小麦及其制品中交链孢霉毒素的污染状况, 评估邯郸地区玉米和小麦制品中交链孢霉毒素的膳食暴露风险。方法 采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱同位素稀释内标法对邯郸地区生产市售的玉米和小麦及其制品共148份(玉米57份, 小麦61份, 小麦制品30份)进行交链孢霉毒素的检测和定量, 并采用毒性学关注阈值(threshold of toxicological, TTC)进行成人的膳食暴露风险评估。结果 玉米和小麦及其制品中交链孢霉毒素均有检出, 其中57份玉米样品中40份检出交链孢霉毒素, 膳食暴露量均低于TTC值; 91份小麦及其制品中均检出交链孢霉毒素, 小麦的检出率和检出浓度均高于小麦制品, 小麦制品的膳食暴露量均值低于TTC值。玉米和小麦及其制品中多种交链孢霉毒素共存的现象普遍存在, 4种交链孢霉毒素的相关性极高。结论 邯郸地区的玉米和小麦及其制品均受到4种交链孢霉毒素不同程度的污染。玉米污染程度较低, 小麦及其制品污染程度较高。玉米和小麦制品正常摄入水平膳食暴露风险均较小。但不同交链孢霉毒素间的协同作用可能会增加真菌毒素的毒性作用。因此邯郸地区仍需持续监测并采取多种措施降低谷物中交链孢霉毒素的污染。

英文摘要:

      Objective To understand the contamination status of alternaria toxins in corn, wheat and their products in Handan area, and evaluate the dietary exposure risk of alternaria toxins in corn and wheat products in Handan area. Methods The ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry isotope dilution internal standard method was used to detect and quantify alternaria toxins in 148 commercially available corn, wheat and their products (57 corn, 61 wheat and 30 wheat products) in Handan area. The threshold of toxicological concern (TTC) was used to assess the risk of dietary exposure in adults. Results Alternaria toxins were detected in corn, wheat and their products, and 40 of the 57 corn samples were detected with alternaria toxins, and the dietary exposure was lower than the TTC value. Alternaria toxins were detected in 91 samples of wheat and its products. The detection rate and concentration of wheat were higher than those of wheat products. The average dietary exposure of wheat products was lower than that of TTC. The coexistence of various alternaria toxins in corn, wheat and their products was common, and the correlation of the 4 kinds of alternaria toxins was extremely high. Conclusion Corn, wheat and their products in Handan area are polluted by 4 kinds of alternaria toxins to varying degrees. The pollution degree of corn is low, and the pollution degree of wheat and its products is high. The dietary exposure risk of corn and wheat products at normal intake levels is small. However, the synergistic effect between different alternaria toxins may increase the toxic effects of mycotoxins. Therefore, Handan area still needs to continuously monitor and take various measures to reduce the pollution of cereal alternaria toxins.