超声辅助酸提取-电感耦合等离子体质谱法快速测定农产品中13种金属元素含量

Rapid determination the content of 13 kinds of metallic elements in agricultural products by ultrasonic with acid for extraction-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

中文关键词:  超声提取  金属  农产品  电感耦合等离子体质谱法

英文关键词:ultrasonic extraction  metallic elements  agricultural products  inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

中文摘要:

      目的 建立超声辅助酸提取-电感耦合等离子体质谱法快速测定农产品中13种金属元素。方法 采用超声提取法, 以硝酸溶液为提取剂, 通过系统优化提取剂的浓度、超声时间和温度等关键参数, 运用电感耦合等离子体质谱法检测食用农产品中13种金属元素。结果 根据与采用GB 5009.268—2025《食品安全国家标准 食品中多元素的测定》方法测定的结果进行对比表明, 采用20%硝酸溶液在55 ℃下超声提取20 min, 可有效提取农产品中钠、镁、钾、钙、镉、砷、铅、铜、锰、锌10种金属元素, 其提取率与GB 5009.268—2025中微波消解法结果相当(超声酸提取结果与GB 5009.268—2025中微波消解法结果之间的比值在0.8~1.0之间), 而对铝、铬、铁3种金属元素的提取效果较差。结论 本方法适用于农产品中多数金属元素的快速检测, 具有高效、节能、低污染的优点, 但不适用于铝、铬、铁的定量分析。

英文摘要:

      Objective To establish a method for the rapid determination of 13 kinds of metallic elements in agricultural products by ultrasonic-assisted acid extraction-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Methods The ultrasonic extraction method was adopted, with nitric acid solution as the extractant. By systematically optimizing key parameters such as the concentration of the extractant, ultrasonic time and temperature, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was used to detect 13 kinds of metallic elements in edible agricultural products. Results Comparative analysis with GB 5009.268—2025 National food safety standard-Determination of multiple elements in foods showed that ultrasonic extraction with 20% nitric acid at 55 ℃ for 20 minutes effectively extracted ten heavy metallic elements, such as sodium, magnesium, potassium, calcium, cadmium, arsenic, lead, copper, manganese and zinc from agricultural products. The extraction efficiency was comparable to that of the GB 5009.268—2025 microwave digestion method (the ratio between the results of ultrasonic acid extraction and those of the GB 5009.268—2025 microwave digestion method was between 0.8 and 1.0). However, the extraction efficiencies for aluminum, chromium and iron were unsatisfactory. Conclusion This method is suitable for rapid detection of most heavy metallic elements in agricultural products, offering advantages such as high efficiency, energy savings and low pollution. Nevertheless, and it is not applicable for quantitative analysis of aluminum, chromium or iron.