西北某省市售食用植物油中苯并(a)芘污染情况调查及膳食暴露风险评估

Investigation on the pollution situation and risk assessment of dietary exposure of the benzo(a)pyrene in edible vegetable oil sold in a certain province in Northwest China

中文关键词:  食用植物油，苯并（a）芘，膳食暴露，风险评估

英文关键词:edible vegetable oil  benzo(a)pyrene  dietary exposure  risk assessment

中文摘要:

      目的 分析西北某省市售食用植物油中苯并(a)芘污染状况, 并对其膳食暴露风险进行评估。方法 采集2023—2024年西北某省市售食用植物油样品共计338批次, 按照GB 5009.27—2016《食品安全国家标准 食品中苯并(a)芘的测定》中规定的高效液相色谱法进行检测, 运用污染指数法对食用植物油中苯并(a)芘污染情况进行分析, 根据成人膳食消费量, 应用暴露边界比(margin of exposure, MOE)方法对居民的苯并(a)芘膳食暴露风险进行评估。结果 在338批次食用植物油样品中, 苯并(a)芘的总体检出率为51.2%, 超标率为0%, 平均含量为0.8 μg/kg。6种食用植物中苯并(a)芘元素单因子污染指数均小于1, 综合污染指数均小于0.7, 污染水平为清洁, 污染等级为安全。西北某省各年龄段成年居民(18~44岁、45~60岁、60岁以上)每日食用植物油膳食暴露量平均值和高含苯并(a)芘食品暴露量(第95百分数P95)分别为0.44、0.53、0.53 ng/(kg·d)和1.73、2.05、2.06 ng/(kg·d), 各年龄段成年居民MOE均值和P95均大于10000, 说明该省食用植物油中苯并(a)芘膳食暴露风险较低。结论 2023—2024年西北某省各类市售食用植物油苯并(a)芘污染情况总体较轻, 安全程度较高, 各年龄段成年居民平均膳食暴露和高暴露膳食风险较低, 均在可接受范围内, 但仍需持续关注和监测食用植物油食品安全风险, 采取措施进一步防范和减少食用植物油中苯并(a)芘的膳食暴露风险。

英文摘要:

      Objective To analyze the pollution situation of benzo(a)pyrene in edible vegetable oils sold in a certain province in Northwest China and assess the dietary exposure risk. Methods A total of 338 edible vegetable oil samples were collected in a certain province in Northwest China from 2023 to 2024. The samples were tested using high performance liquid chromatography as specified in GB 5009.27—2016 National food safety standard-Determination of benzo(a)pyrene in foods, and the contamination index method was applied to analyze benzo(a)pyrene contamination levels. Based on adult dietary consumption patterns, the exposure margin ratio (MOE) method was used to evaluate residents’ dietary exposure risk. Results Among the 338 edible oil samples, the overall detection rate of benzo(a)pyrene was 51.2%, with no samples exceeding the standard and an average content of 0.8 μg/kg. The single-factor pollution index of benzo(a)pyrene in 6 kinds of edible vegetable oils was all less than 1, and the comprehensive pollution index was all less than 0.7, which indicated a clean pollution level and a safe contamination grade. For adult residents in a certain province in Northwest China (aged 18–44, 45–60 and over 60), the average daily dietary exposure to edible oils and the exposure to foods with high benzo(a)pyrene content (95th percentile, P95) were 0.44, 0.53, 0.53 ng/(kg·d) and 1.73, 2.05, 2.06 ng/(kg·d) respectively. The MOE and P95 for all age groups exceeded 10000, indicating a low dietary exposure risk of benzo(a)pyrene from edible vegetable oils in this province. Conclusion The contamination of benzo(a)pyrene in various kings of commercially available edible vegetable oils in a certain province in Northwest China is generally mild, with a high level of safety in 2023—2024. The average dietary exposure and high-exposure dietary risks of adult residents of all age groups are relatively low, all within the acceptable range. However, it is still necessary to continuously pay attention to and monitor the food safety risks of edible vegetable oils, and take measures to further prevent and reduce the dietary exposure risk of benzo(a)pyrene in edible vegetable oils.