区域和气候条件对油莎豆膳食纤维和蛋白质含量的影响

Effects of regions and climatic conditions on the dietary fiber and protein content of Cyperus esculentus

中文关键词:  油莎豆  膳食纤维  蛋白质  区域和气候条件

英文关键词:Cyperus esculentu  dietary fiber  protein  regions and climatic conditions

中文摘要:

      目的 分析不同种植区域和气候条件对油莎豆营养成分的影响。方法 检测油莎豆中膳食纤维和蛋白质的含量, 通过物理脱脂脱糖和三步酶解(淀粉酶、蛋白酶、淀粉葡糖苷酶)彻底去除样品中的非膳食纤维成分(脂肪、糖、淀粉、蛋白质), 利用乙醇沉淀分离出膳食纤维, 经洗涤、烘干、称重得到其质量, 并校正残留蛋白质和灰分, 从而得到准确的总膳食纤维含量; 利用高温燃烧将样品中的有机氮完全转化为氮气, 通过精确测定氮气的量来推算氮含量, 最后乘以特定的蛋白质换算系数(F)得到蛋白质含量。结果 对11个区域193份油莎豆样品的膳食纤维和蛋白质含量进行检测分析发现, 中亚热带湿润季风气候(湖南)、温带大陆性干旱气候(新疆)的油莎豆中膳食纤维含量较高; 亚热带低纬山地季风气候(云南)、西南亚热带季风气候(云南)、温带大陆性干旱气候(新疆)的油莎豆中蛋白质含量较高。结论 油莎豆的营养成分会受到种植区域和气候条件影响, 这将为不同区域油莎豆的开发利用提供理论依据。

英文摘要:

      Objective To analyze the effects of different planting regions and climatic conditions on the nutritional components of Cyperus esculentus. Methods The content of dietary fiber and protein in Cyperus esculentus were detected. The non-dietary fiber components (fat, sugar, starch and protein) in the sample were completely removed by physical degreasing and sugar removal and 3-step enzymolysis (amylase, protease and amyloglucosidase). Dietary fiber was separated by ethanol precipitation, and its quality was obtained by washing, drying and weighing, and the residual protein and ash were corrected, so as to obtain the accurate total dietary fiber content. The organic nitrogen in the sample was completely converted into nitrogen by high-temperature combustion, the nitrogen content was calculated by accurately measuring the amount of nitrogen, and finally the protein content was obtained by multiplying it by a specific protein conversion coefficient (F). Results Based on the above methods, the dietary fiber and protein content of 193 tiger nut samples from 11 regions were analyzed. Tiger nuts cultivated in subtropical humid monsoon climate (Hunan) and temperate continental arid climate (Xinjiang) exhibited higher dietary fiber content. Tiger nuts cultivated in subtropical low-latitude mountainous monsoon climate (Yunnan), southwest subtropical monsoon climate (Yunnan) and temperate continental arid climate (Xinjiang) exhibited higher protein content. Conclusion The nutritional composition of Cyperus esculentus are affected by planting regions and climatic conditions, which will provide a theoretical basis for the development and utilization of Cyperus esculentus in different regions.