诺丽果渣关键营养与功能成分的测定与分析

Determination and analysis of key nutrients and functional components in Morinda citrifolia L. residue

中文关键词:  果渣  氨基酸  多酚  皂苷  糖类

英文关键词:Morinda citrifolia L. residue  amino acid  polyphenols  saponins  carbohydrates

中文摘要:

      目的 系统分析诺丽果渣中多酚、黄酮、多糖等11类营养功能成分。方法 参照国家或行业标准方法, 对诺丽果渣中多酚、黄酮、多糖及其单糖组成、蛋白多肽、皂苷、膳食纤维和挥发性成分等进行测定分析。结果 诺丽果渣中总黄酮含量为57.88 mg/g, 总多酚为4.57 mg/g, 总多糖为37.65 mg/g, 粗蛋白为8.16%, 总皂苷为19.9 mg/g; 黄酮酚类以芦丁(28.86 mg/g)为主, 蛋白质水解后富含天冬氨酸(7.99 mg/g)、谷氨酸(6.88 mg/g)和胱氨酸(7.66 mg/g)。必需氨基酸占总氨基酸的33.8%, 接近世界卫生组织(World Health Organization, WHO)/联合国粮食及农业组织(Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, FAO)推荐值(36%)。多糖主要由甘露糖(33.49%)、葡萄糖醛酸(2.56%)、半乳糖醛酸(27.00%)、葡萄糖(24.89%)、半乳糖(8.77%)和阿拉伯糖(3.29%)组成。膳食纤维中纤维素、半纤维素和木质素含量分别为32.10%、13.27%和20.27%。挥发性成分中9,12-十八碳二烯酸(Z,Z)含量最高(64.32%), 并含有辛酸(1.67%)和角鲨烯(11.47%)。结论 本研究系统分析了诺丽果渣的主要功能成分, 为其进一步高值化开发利用提供了数据与实践依据。

英文摘要:

      Objective To systematically analyse the 11 categories of nutritional and functional components such as polyphenols, flavonoids, polysaccharides in Morinda citrifolia L. residue. Methods Based on national and industry standard methods, the content of polyphenols, flavonoids, polysaccharides (including monosaccharide composition), proteins/peptides, saponins, dietary fiber and volatile compounds were analyzed. Results Morinda citrifolia L. residue contained 57.88 mg/g total flavonoids, 4.57 mg/g total polyphenols, 37.65 mg/g total polysaccharides, 8.16% crude protein, and 19.9 mg/g total saponins. Rutin (28.86 mg/g) was the predominant flavonoid. Acid-hydrolyzed protein was rich in aspartic acid (7.99 mg/g), glutamic acid (6.88 mg/g) and cysteine (7.66 mg/g). Essential amino acids accounted for 33.8% of total amino acids, close to the World Health Organization (WHO)/Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) recommended value of 36%. The polysaccharides consisted of mannose (33.49%), glucuronic acid (2.56%), galacturonic acid (27.00%), glucose (24.89%), galactose (8.77%) and arabinose (3.29%). Dietary fiber included cellulose (32.10%), hemicellulose (13.27%) and lignin (20.27%). The major volatile compound was 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z) (64.32%), along with octanoic acid (1.67%) and squalene (11.47%). Conclusion This study systematically analyzes the main functional components of Morinda citrifolia L. residue, providing data and practical basis for its further high-value utilization and development.