中国-东盟柑橘农药残留限量标准比对及风险分析

Comparison and risk analysis on pesticide residue limit standards for citrus in China and ASEAN

中文关键词:  农药残留限量（MRLs）  柑橘  中国与东盟  标准比较；风险分析

英文关键词:maximum residue limit  citrus fruit  China-ASEAN  standard comparison  risk analysis

中文摘要:

      柑橘是我国栽培面积最大的水果, 是我国出口东盟的主要农产品之一。其生长周期长, 病虫害发生种类多、使用农药频率高, 在日常监测发现存在常规农药残留超标以及使用禁用农药问题, 柑橘安全生产存在较大的风险隐患。中国及东盟国家均制定了柑橘上的农药最大残留限量(maximum residue limit, MRL), 为了更好保障我国柑橘产业质量安全, 积极应对技术性贸易壁垒对我国柑橘出口贸易的制约, 本文结合我国农药登记和使用情况, 介绍了我国和东盟主要贸易国家农药MRLs的标准现状, 比较分析了我国与越南、印度尼西亚、菲律宾、马来西亚、泰国、新加坡和缅甸柑橘上的农药MRLs差异, 分析其中的农药违规风险, 以期为监管部门开展有效监管、促进国内柑橘产业质量安全管理及保障柑橘进出口贸易提供参考。

英文摘要:

      Citrus is the fruit with the largest cultivated area in China and one of the main agricultural products exported from China to ASEAN. Citrus has a long growth cycle which is prone to diseases and insect pests, and pesticides are used frequently. Routine monitoring has found problems such as excessive residues of conventional pesticides and the use of prohibited pesticides, indicating significant safety risks in the production process. Both China and ASEAN countries have set the maximum residue limit (MRL) for pesticides on citrus. In order to better guarantee the quality and safety of China’s citrus industry, and actively respond to the constraints of technical trade barriers on China’s citrus export, this paper, based on the registration and use of pesticides in China, introduced the current status of MRL standards for pesticides on citrus in China and major ASEAN trading countries, and compares the differences pesticide MRLs on citrus fruits in China, Vietnam, Indonesia, Philippines, Malaysia, Thailand, Singapore and Myanmar. In addition, the risk of illegal pesticides was analyzed with the aim of providing reference for the regulatory authorities to carry out effective regulatory work, promote the quality and safety management of domestic citrus and guarantee the import and export trade of citrus.