bHLH转录因子调控植物花青素生物合成研究进展

Research progress on the regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis in plants by bHLH transcription factors

中文关键词:  花青素  bHLH 转录因子  生物合成  表达调控

英文关键词:anthocyanins  bHLH transcription factor  biosynthesis  expression regulation

中文摘要:

      作为植物中普遍存在的水溶性天然色素, 花青素是叶片、果实和花朵等器官显色的关键物质, 并参与多种生物与非生物胁迫响应过程。bHLH(碱性螺旋-环-螺旋)转录因子作为植物界最大的转录因子家族之一, 在众多植物的花青素合成途径中扮演核心调控角色。目前, 已经有各种分子生物学方法来探究bHLH转录因子在植物生长发育的各个阶段以及代谢途径和胁迫反应中的作用, 然而其调控花青素生物合成的机制仍有待解析。本文对花青素合成途径中涉及的基因和功能进行系统阐述, 同时介绍了bHLH转录因子的结构和功能, 重点阐述其在植物花青素合成代谢的分子机制, 分析了激素诱导以及环境调控下bHLH转录因子在花青素合成中的调控作用, 为进一步深入研究bHLH在花青素生物合成中的分子机制提供理论基础。

英文摘要:

      As a water-soluble natural pigment widely present in plants, anthocyanin is the key coloring substance for organs such as leaves, fruits and flowers, and participates in various biological and abiotic stress response processes. The bHLH (basic Helix-Loop-Helix) transcription factor, being one of the largest transcription factor families in the plant kingdom, plays a core regulatory role in the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway of numerous plants. At present, various molecular biological methods have been used to explore the role of bHLH transcription factors in various stages of plant growth and development, as well as in metabolic pathways and stress responses. However, the mechanism by which they regulate anthocyanin biosynthesis remains to be elucidated. This paper systematically expounded the genes and functions involved in the anthocyanin synthesis pathway. Meanwhile, it introduced the structure and function of the bHLH transcription factor, with a focus on elaborating its molecular mechanism in the anthocyanin synthesis metabolism of plants. It also analyzed the regulatory role of the bHLH transcription factor in anthocyanin synthesis under hormone induction and environmental regulation, so as to provide a theoretical basis for further in-depth research on the molecular mechanism of bHLH in anthocyanin biosynthesis.