邯郸市谷物制品中26种金属多元素监测与健康风险评估

Monitoring and health risk assessment of 26 kinds of metal multi-elements in cereals in Handan City

中文关键词:  谷物  玉米  小麦  电感耦合等离子体质谱法  重金属  风险评估

英文关键词:cereals  maize  wheat  inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry  heavy metals  risk assessment

中文摘要:

      目的 了解邯郸市售谷物制品中26种金属多元素(Pb、Cd、Hg、As、Cr、Al、Mn、Cu、Ba、V、Se、Sb、Ni、Sn、Li、B、Zn、K、Na、Ca、Mg、Fe、Sr、Mo、Co、Rb)的含量分布, 并对其进行健康风险评估。方法 采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, ICP-MS)对市售的51份谷物制品(小麦与玉米)进行26种金属多元素检测, 对检测结果进行统计分析, 结合单因子污染指数、靶标危害指数、致癌指数和膳食摄入量对常量与微量元素进行营养与暴露风险评估。结果 方法线性良好, 准确度与灵敏度高。谷物中除Hg和Li元素外, 其余24种金属多元素均有检出。主成分分析和相关性分析显示小麦与玉米存在种间差异, 不同元素的相关性有区别。Pb、Cd、Hg、As、Cr 5种重金属污染水平整体处于安全水平, 19种金属的靶标危害指数和Pb致癌风险指数远低于警戒值, 处于安全水平, As的致癌风险评估处于潜在风险。营养膳食评估显示谷物富含K和Mg, 低Na, Cr的每日摄入量为推荐摄入量的3倍左右, 需要引起关注。结论 本研究建立的方法可有效用于谷物多元素的测定, 为邯郸市居民金属多元素健康评估提供了科学依据, 邯郸市谷物制品健康评估水平整体处于较为健康水平, 但需持续关注Cr和As元素的健康风险。

英文摘要:

      Objective To investigate the distribution of 26 kinds of metal elements (Pb, Cd, Hg, As, Cr, Al, Mn, Cu, Ba, V, Se, Sb, Ni, Sn, Li, B, Zn, K, Na, Ca, Mg, Fe, Sr, Mo, Co, Rb) and assess the dietary risk with cereals in Handan City. Methods A total of 51 cereal samples (wheat and maize) were analyzed for 26 kinds of metal elements using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Statistical analysis was performed on the detection results, and nutritional and exposure risk assessments were conducted for macro- and trace elements using the individual pollution index, target hazard quotient, carcinogenic risk, and estimated daily intake. Results The method demonstrated good linearity, high accuracy, and sensitivity. Among the 26 kinds of metal elements, 24 kinds of metal elements were detected in the cereal samples, except for Hg and Li. Principal component analysis and correlation analysis revealed interspecies differences between wheat and maize, as well as distinct correlations among different elements. The contamination levels of 5 kinds of heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Hg, As, Cr) were within safe limits. The target hazard index of 19 kinds of metal elements and the carcinogenic risk index for Pb were significantly below threshold levels, indicating no health risks, but the carcinogenic risk assessment for As suggested potential health risks. Nutritional assessment showed that the cereals were rich in K and Mg, but low in Na. However, Cr exposure reached nearly 300% of the adequate daily intake, indicating a significant health concern. Conclusion The established method is effective for multi-element analysis in cereals. This research findings provide updated dietary intake assessment of multi-elements of Handan adult consumers. The dietary assessment indicates that intake of cereals in Handan City poses no significant health risks, but particular attention should be paid to Cr and As contamination.