高压电场结合酸性电解水处理富集甜荞γ-氨基丁酸

Enrichment of γ-aminobutyric acid in Fagopyrum esculentum by the combination of high-voltage electric field and acidic electrolyzed water treatment

中文关键词:  电解水  电场  荞麦  γ-氨基丁酸  酶活力

英文关键词:acidic electrolyzed water  electric field  Fagopyrum esculentum  γ-aminobutyric acid  enzyme activity

中文摘要:

      目的 探究高压电场(high-voltage electric field, HVEF)、酸性电解水(acidic electrolyzed water, AEW)以及二者联合处理对甜荞对γ-氨基丁酸(γ-aminobutyric acid, GABA)富集的影响。方法 对甜荞分别进行HVEF、AEW及联合处理, 测定萌发过程不同时间点(0、8、12、32、40 h)的形态学指标(百粒重、萌发率、芽长), 并检测GABA含量、谷氨酸脱羧酶(glutamate decarboxylase, GAD)活性、γ-氨基丁酸转氨酶(γ-aminobutyric acid transaminase, GABA-T)活性及琥珀酸半醛脱氢酶(succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase, SSADH)活性, 分析不同处理对GABA富集的影响。结果 不同处理均能提升甜荞中GABA含量而联合处理效果更加显著, 联合处理条件下甜荞萌发24 h GABA含量达198.72 mg/100 g, 较对照组提高35.6%, 较AEW和HVEF处理组分别提高8.3%和6.1%, 表现出显著协同效应。联合处理的双重调控通过激活GAD活性、抑制GABA-T和SSADH活性, 促进了GABA合成。结论 本研究分析甜荞萌发过程中GABA代谢通路酶活性的变化, 揭示了HVEF结合AEW通过“激活合成酶-抑制分解酶”的双重机制实现GABA高效富集, 为功能性荞麦萌动食品开发提供了新方法。

英文摘要:

      Objective To investigate the effects of high-voltage electric field (HVEF), acidic electrolyzed water (AEW) and their combined treatment on γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) enrichment in germinating Fagopyrum esculentum. Methods Fagopyrum esculentum seeds were respectively treated with HVEF, AEW, and the combined AEW+HVEF treatment. Morphological indices (100-seed weight, germination rate, shoot length), GABA content, and activities of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD), γ-aminobutyric acid transaminase (GABA-T) and succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase (SSADH) were measured at different time points during germination (0, 8, 12, 32 and 40 h) to analyze the effects of different treatments on GABA enrichment. Results All treatments increased GABA content in Fagopyrum esculentum, with the combined treatment showing a more significant effect. Under the combined treatment, GABA content in germinating Fagopyrum esculentum reached 198.72 mg/100 g at 24 h of germination, which was 35.6% higher than the control group, and 8.3% and 6.1% higher than the AEW and HVEF single-treatment groups, respectively, demonstrating a significant synergistic effect. The dual regulation of the combined treatment promoted GABA accumulation by activating GAD activity and inhibiting GABA-T and SSADH activities. Conclusion This study analyzes the changes in enzyme activities of the GABA metabolic pathway during Fagopyrum esculentum germination, revealing that the combined treatment of HVEF and AEW achieves efficient GABA enrichment through a dual mechanism of “activating synthesis enzymes and inhibiting decomposition enzymes”. The findings provide a new method for developing functional germinated Fagopyrum esculentum foods.