纳米酶生物传感器在食品中真菌毒素检测的应用研究进展

Research progress on the application of nanozyme biosensors in the detection of mycotoxins in food

中文关键词:  纳米酶  活性调控  生物传感器  真菌毒素

英文关键词:nanozymes  activity regulation  biosensors  mycotoxins

中文摘要:

      真菌毒素是由真菌产生的次级代谢产物, 经食物链蓄积进入人体, 危害人类健康。近年来, 具有形貌可控和模拟酶酶活性的纳米酶在真菌毒素检测中展现出显著优势。本文主要对纳米酶生物传感器在真菌毒素检测中的应用研究进行总结, 依据材料组分将纳米酶划分为金属氧化物基、贵金属基及碳基等, 解析纳米结构参数(包括尺寸、形貌、表面改性)对酶模拟活性的动态调控机制, 进而探讨纳米酶在比色、荧光、电化学和拉曼检测中的技术优势, 揭示其在真菌毒素快速检测中的应用潜力。此外, 对纳米酶构建的生物传感器在真菌毒素检测中的应用进行展望, 旨在为纳米酶在食品安全检测领域的应用提供理论支撑和技术前瞻, 期望对检测领域产业化发展提供指导。

英文摘要:

      Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by fungi, which accumulate in the food chain and enter the human body, endangering human health. In recent years, nanozymes with controllable morphology and enzyme-mimicking activity have shown significant advantages in the detection of mycotoxins. This paper mainly summarized the application research of nanozyme biosensors in the detection of mycotoxins, divided nanozymes into metal oxide-based, noble metal-based and carbon-based nanozymes according to the material components, analyzed the dynamic regulation mechanism of nanostructure parameters (including size, morphology, surface modification) on enzyme-mimicking activity, and then explored the technical advantages of nanozymes in colorimetric, fluorescence, electrochemical and Raman detection, revealing its application potential in the rapid detection of mycotoxins. In addition, this paper prospected the application of biosensors constructed by nanozymes in the detection of mycotoxins, aiming to provide theoretical support and technical foresight for the application of nanozymes in the field of food safety detection, and it was expected to provide guidance for the industrial development of the detection field.