学生餐加工车间环境微生物群落的鉴定及分析

Identification and analysis of environmental microbial mommunities in student meal processing workshops

中文关键词:  学生餐  集体配送企业  环境  VITEK 2 Compact全自动微生物鉴定系统  RiboPrinter全自动微生物基因指纹鉴定系统  鉴定分析  微生物群落

英文关键词:Student meals  Collective distribution enterprise  Environment  VITEK 2 Compact automatic microbial identification system  RiboPrinter Automatic microbial gene fingerprint identification system  Identification analysis  Microbial community

中文摘要:

      目的:研究学生餐集体配送企业加工车间环境微生物的群落组成和分布规律，为制定学生餐加工的环境微生物污染防控指南提供技术依据，也为学生餐加工过程污染菌数据库的建立和致病菌溯源分析提供数据支撑。方法:选取昆明市6家学生餐集体配送企业为研究对象，采集加工车间空气沉降菌、工器具接触面及人员手部的污染菌进行培养，采用TSA培养基对检出的菌落分离、纯化，先进行革兰氏染色，再应用VITEK 2 Compact全自动微生物生化鉴定系统或RiboPrinter全自动微生物基因指纹鉴定系统开展鉴定分析。结果:本研究共获得环境菌243株，鉴定出170株菌，分别来自31个菌属，包括58种菌种，占比较高的菌属依次为鞘氨醇单胞菌属占比17.6%（30/170）、考氏库克菌属占比16.5%（28/170）、葡萄球菌属占比15.9%（27/170）。根据革兰氏染色结果分类，革兰氏阴性杆菌占比48.2%（82/170），革兰氏阳性球菌占比44.1%（75/170），革兰氏阳性芽孢杆菌占比7.1%（12/170），革兰氏阳性杆菌占比0.6%（1/170）。结论:学生餐集体配送企业加工车间存在不同程度的环境微生物污染，优势菌属主要为鞘氨醇单胞菌属、考氏库克菌属、葡萄球菌属，建议企业应制定科学的微生物污染防控技术指南，加强环境监测，政府部门也应对学生餐加工制作过程的环境条件加强监管。

英文摘要:

      Objectives:The purpose is to study the community composition and distribution rules of environmental microorganisms in the processing workshop of student meal collective distribution enterprises, provide technical basis for the prevention and control guidelines of environmental microbial pollution for student meal processing, and also provide data support for the establishment of contaminated bacteria database in the process of student meal processing and the traceability analysis of pathogenic bacteria.Methods:Six students meal collective distribution enterprise in Kunming as the research object, collecting processing workshop air settlement bacteria, instruments contact surface and personnel hand contaminated bacteria culture, using TSA medium to detect the colony isolation, purification, first gram stain, Then the VITEK 2 Compact automatic microbial biochemical identification system or the RiboPrinter automatic microbial gene fingerprint identification system was used for identification and analysis.Results:In this study,243 environmental bacteria were obtained and 170 strains were identified from 31 genera, including 58 species, with sphingomonas 17.6%(30/170), 16.5%(28/170),and15.9%(27/170).According to the classification of gram stain results,Gram-negative bacilli were 48.2% (82/170), Gram-positive cocci 44.1%(75/170), Gram-positive Bacillus 7.1%(12/170) and Gram-positive bacteria 0.6%(1/170).Conclusion:Student meal collective distribution enterprise processing workshop has different degrees of environmental microbial pollution, dominant bacteria mainly for sphingomonas, cook, staphylococcus, suggested that enterprises should develop scientific microbial pollution prevention and control technology guide, strengthen environmental monitoring, the government departments also deal with the student meal processing process of environmental conditions to strengthen supervision.