藜麦糠皮皂苷提取技术研究进展

Research progress in extraction of saponins from quinoa bran

中文关键词:  藜麦糠  皂苷  提取脱除  研究进展

英文关键词:quinoa  bran  saponin  extraction

中文摘要:

      藜麦皂苷属于齐墩果烷型五环三萜化合物, 具有广泛的生理和药理活性, 包括抗炎、抗菌、抗螺、抗氧化、免疫调节以及提高皮肤渗透性等功能, 在食品、药品和化妆品等行业有着重要的商业用途。藜麦糠皮是藜麦加工的副产物, 由于皂苷含量高而无法在食品领域得到合理利用。目前, 尚缺乏高效脱除藜麦糠皮皂苷的技术手段, 因此, 研究藜麦糠皮皂苷的提取技术具有重要的应用价值。本文总结了超高压提取、超声波辅助提取、微波辅助提取、生物酶辅助提取、双水相提取、丙酮溶液提取、超临界CO2提取、离子液体提取及低共熔溶剂提取藜麦皂苷的技术特点, 并结合作者的实践经验对原料预处理以及如何选择溶剂、温度和料液比等工艺参数进行分析, 为藜麦糠皮的高效综合利用和藜麦皂苷新产品的开发提供有益借鉴。

英文摘要:

      Quinoa saponins belong to oleanane pentacyclic triterpenes, and has a wide range of physiological and pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anti-snail, antioxidant, immune regulation and improvement of skin permeability, therefore, it has important commercial uses in the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. Quinoa bran is a by-product of quinoa processing. Due to its high saponin content, it cannot be used properly in the food field. Currently, there is still a lack of efficient technical means to remove saponins from quinoa bran. Therefore, it is of great application value to study the extraction of saponin from quinoa bran. This paper summarized the extraction methods of quinoa saponins using ultra-high pressure extraction, ultrasonic assisted extraction, microwave assisted extraction, biological enzyme assisted extraction, two aqueous phase extraction, acetone solution extraction, supercritical CO2 extraction, ionic liquid extraction and low eutectic solvent extraction, analyzed the pretreatment of raw materials and the selection of solvent, temperature and solid-liquid ratio based on the author’s practical experience, which is expected to provide useful reference for the efficient and comprehensive utilization of quinoa bran and the development of new products of quinoa saponins.