水果过敏原定量方法研究进展

Advances in quantitative methods for measuring fruit allergens

中文关键词:  水果过敏原  定量  酶联免疫吸附试验  液相色谱-串联质谱

英文关键词:fruit allergens  quantification  enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay  liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

中文摘要:

      随着水果消费种类与数量的增加以及相关花粉过敏的大流行, 水果过敏问题日益凸显。水果过敏的预防与诊治对过敏原定量方法的灵敏度、精确性和稳健性提出了更高的要求。本文首先简述了水果过敏及其免疫学机制, 对常见水果已鉴定的过敏原分子进行了蛋白家族汇总, 介绍了5个主要蛋白家族(PR-10蛋白家族、类甜蛋白、非特异性脂质转移蛋白、抑制蛋白和几丁质酶)的生化性质和相关临床症状。其次, 对水果过敏原定量应用最多的酶联免疫吸附法(enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, ELISA)和液相色谱-串联质谱法(liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, LC-MS/MS)进行综述, 分析了二者的优缺点及其在水果过敏原定量检测中的应用。最后, 总结了水果过敏原定量的研究现状, 并结合新兴技术指出未来研究方向, 为水果过敏的临床诊断与防治提供参考。

英文摘要:

      With the increase in the variety and quantity of fruit consumption and the epidemic of related pollen allergy, fruit allergy is becoming increasingly prominent. The prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of fruit allergy require higher sensitivity, accuracy, and robustness of allergen quantification methods. This review briefly introduced fruit allergy and its immunological mechanism, aggregated the allergens identified in common fruits by protein families, and analyzed the biochemical characteristics and related clinical symptoms of 5 protein families, including PR-10 protein, thaumatin-like protein, non-specific lipid-transfer protein, profilin, and chitinase. Additionally, two methods most applied in quantification were given in detail: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), including their pros and cons and applications in quantifying fruit allergens. Finally, the current research status of fruit allergen quantification was summarized, and the future research direction was pointed out in combination with the emerging technologies to provide a reference for the clinical diagnosis and prevention of fruit allergy.