食品中重金属脱除技术的最新研究进展

Latest research progress on the removal technologies of heavy metals in food

中文关键词:  食品安全  重金属  脱除  物理处理  化学浸提  微生物法  吸附

英文关键词:food safety  heavy metal  removal  physical treatment  chemical extraction  microbiological method  adsorption

中文摘要:

      食品重金属污染问题屡见不鲜, 重金属在人体内积累后, 会严重损害人体的神经系统和肝肾功能。如何去除食品重金属污染, 已成为当今世界范围内一个重要的食品安全问题。因此, 开发食品中重金属脱除技术对于保障食品安全具有重要意义。常见食品中重金属脱除技术根据原理可分为物理处理法、化学浸提法、微生物法和吸附法等。近年来, 食品中重金属脱除技术发展较快, 尤其是在吸附法中出现了很多高效、绿色和选择性高的吸附材料。本文总结了食品中各类重金属脱除技术, 重点介绍各种技术的研究新进展以及其优缺点, 为食品中重金属污染物的脱除提供基础参考, 同时有助于促进脱除技术的新发展, 并为保障食品安全提供新思路。

英文摘要:

      Heavy metal pollution is one of the most common issues in food products. The accumulation of heavy metal in human body will cause severe damage to the human nervous system and hepatorenal function. Therefore, the prevention of heavy metal pollution in food has become an important worldwide safety issue and thus the development of proper approaches to removing heavy metal from foods is of great significance to ensure food safety. Based on the different principles, the approaches to removing heavy metals from common foods can be divided into physical treatment, chemical extraction, microbial method and adsorption method. In recent years, the removal technology of heavy metals in food has developed rapidly, especially in the adsorption method, many adsorption materials with high efficiency, green and high selectivity have appeared. This paper summarized the removal technologies of various heavy metals in foods, and focused on the recent research progresses in different removal techniques and their advantages and disadvantages. It provides basic reference for the removal of heavy metal pollutants in food, and helps to promote the new development of removal technology, and provides new ideas for ensuring food safety.