介质阻挡放电等离子体处理对玉米淀粉结构和功能性质的影响

Effects of dielectric barrier discharge plasma treatment on the structure and functional properties of maize starch

中文关键词:  等离子体  介质阻挡放电  玉米淀粉  多尺度结构  功能性质

英文关键词:plasma  dielectric barrier discharge  maize starch  multi-scale structure  functionalities

中文摘要:

      目的 研究低温介质阻挡放电等离子体对高直链玉米淀粉和蜡质玉米淀粉的多尺度结构及功能性质的影响。方法 以高直链玉米淀粉(high-amylose corn starch, HAMS)和蜡质玉米淀粉(waxy maize starch, WMS)为研究对象, 采用介质阻挡放电等离子体技术, 控制输入电压110 V, 调节输入电流为0.8、1.0、1.2和1.4 A, 分别对淀粉粉体进行改性处理1 min, 探究两种淀粉在不同处理电流下等离子体场中的多尺度结构和理化功能性质的变化。结果 经过等离子体处理后, 两种淀粉颗粒的粒径增大, HAMS颗粒出现团聚现象, WMS的表面孔道和刻蚀现象更加明显, 淀粉乳的pH降低, 其溶胀力和成糊黏度均呈现降低的趋势, 其中WMS峰值黏度从3113.50 cP显著降低至795.50 cP。随着处理电流的增加, 两种玉米淀粉的吸热相转变焓值降低, 其中蜡质玉米淀粉焓值从(13.83±0.07) J/g降低至(8.20±0.03) J/g, 广角X射线衍射结果显示淀粉相对结晶度逐渐降低, 而傅立叶变换红外光谱法分析发现红外比值R1047/1022和R1022/995分别略微下降和升高。结论 等离子体处理对WMS的改性效率相比HAMS较大, 等离子体改性处理主要影响玉米淀粉的长程晶体结构, 而对短程双螺旋结构的影响较为有限。

英文摘要:

      Objective To investigate the effects of cold dielectric barrier discharge plasma on the multi-scale structure and functional properties of high amylose and waxy maize starch. Methods Dielectric barrier discharge plasma technology was applied to modify starch powders using high amylose maize starch (HAMS) and waxy maize starch (WMS) as raw materials. The treatment was conducted by adjusting the current as 0.8, 1.0, 1.2 and 1.4 A, at fixed generation voltage of 110 V for 1 min, respectively. The changes of multiscale structure and physical and chemical functional properties of two starches under different plasma generation currents were investigated. Results After cold dielectric barrier discharge plasma treatment, the particle size of starches increased. The HAMS granules were partially agglomerated and the surface channels and corrosions of WMS were enlarged. The pH of starch paste was reduced, and the swelling power and pasting viscosity showed a decreasing trend. Especially, the peak viscosity of WMS significantly reduced from 3113.50 cP to 795.50 cP. With the increase of generation currents, the enthalpies of endothermic phase transition of 2 kinds of maize starches were reduced, the enthalpy of WMS decreased from (13.83±0.07) J/g to (8.20±0.03) J/g. The results of wide-angle X-ray diffraction showed that the relative crystallinity of starch gradually decreased, while the Fourier transform infrared spectrometry analysis showed that the infrared ratio of R1047/1022 and R1022/995 slightly decreased and increased, respectively. Conclusion The modification efficiency of dielectric barrier discharge plasma on WMS is higher compared with HMS, dielectric barrier discharge plasma modification mainly affects the long-range crystalline structure, while has limited influence on the short-range double-helix orders.