抗生素在鸡蛋及鸡体组织中的代谢研究

Metabolism of antibiotics in eggs and chicken body tissue

中文关键词:  氟苯尼考  恩诺沙星  多西环素  鸡蛋  鸡体组织

英文关键词:florfenicol  enrofloxacin  doxycycline  eggs  chicken body tissue

中文摘要:

      目的 探究蛋鸡养殖业中广泛使用且在市场鸡蛋中检出频率较高的3种抗生素: 氟苯尼考(florfenicol, FF)、恩诺沙星(enrofloxacin, ENR)、多西环素(doxycycline, DOX)在鸡蛋及鸡体组织中的代谢情况。方法 试验选取健康的103日龄育成鸡和300日龄产蛋鸡各105只, 均分成7组, 分别为FF低、FF高、ENR低、ENR高、DOX低、DOX高以及对照组。“低”代表说明书正常用量, “高”代表正常用量的一倍, 以肌肉注射的方式连续给药5 d, 对鸡只接受抗生素后一段时间内所产鸡蛋及鸡体组织中药物残留情况进行检测分析。结果 103日龄育成鸡使用抗生素后, 至鸡只130日龄时所产鸡蛋中能检测到FF残留, 150日龄时所产鸡蛋中能检测到ENR和DOX残留, 3种抗生素还造成蛋鸡肝脏组织表面不同程度的出血和坏死; 300日龄产蛋鸡注射抗生素后, FF在蛋清、蛋黄中消除的时间分别为10、12 d; ENR在蛋清、蛋黄中消除的时间均为9 d; DOX在蛋清、蛋黄中消除的时间均为25 d。结论 蛋鸡育成后期使用抗生素会对初产鸡蛋及鸡的肝脏组织造成一定影响, 针对我国市场动物源性食品中频繁检出抗生素等问题, 建议关注蛋鸡后备期抗生素的使用, 不断强化市场监督机制和准入门槛, 保障鸡蛋安全, 维护人体健康。

英文摘要:

      Objective To explore the metabolism of 3 kinds of antibiotics: Florfenicol (FF), enrofloxacin (ENR) and doxycycline (DOX) in eggs and chicken tissues, which are widely used in laying hen breeding industry and frequently detected in eggs in the market. Methods A total of 105 healthy 103-day-old broilers and 105 healthy 300-day-old layers were selected and divided into 7 groups, namely, low FF, high FF, low ENR, high ENR, low DOX, and high DOX, and control group. The word “low” represented the normal dosage in the instruction, “high” represented one time of the normal dosage, the drug was continuously administered by intramuscular injection for 5 days to detect and analyze the drug residues in the eggs and body tissues of chickens within a period of time after receiving antibiotics. Results After the 103-day-old broilers were treated with antibiotics, FF residues could be detected in the eggs laid by 130-day-old broilers, and ENR and DOX residues could be detected in the eggs laid by 150-day-old broilers, the 3 kinds of antibiotics also caused hemorrhage and necrosis of liver tissue surface of laying hens to different degrees; after 300-day-old laying hens were injected with antibiotics, the elimination time of FF in egg white and yolk was 10 and 12 days, respectively; the removal time of ENR in egg white and yolk was 9 d; the elimination time of DOX in egg white and yolk was 25 d. Conclusion The use of antibiotics in the later stage of laying hens will have a certain impact on the first-laid eggs and the liver tissues of chickens. In view of the frequent detection of antibiotics in animal-derived foods in China’s market, it is suggested to pay attention to the use of antibiotics in the reserve period of laying hens, and constantly strengthen the market supervision mechanism and access threshold to ensure the safety of eggs and maintain human health.