发泡餐盒中苯乙烯单体和低聚物的测定及迁移风险评估

Determination and migration risk assessment of styrene monomer and oligomers in expanded polystyrene food containers

中文关键词:  发泡聚苯乙烯餐盒  苯乙烯单体及低聚物  迁移  风险评估

英文关键词:expanded polystyrene food containers  styrene monomer and oligomers  migration  risk assessment

中文摘要:

      目的 建立发泡聚苯乙烯(expanded polystyrene, EPS)餐盒中苯乙烯单体和低聚物的检测方法, 并对其向食品的迁移进行风险评估。方法 采用二氯甲烷溶解-甲醇沉淀法提取EPS样品中的苯乙烯单体和低聚物, 采用气相色谱-质谱联用法测定目标物向水、酒精和脂肪食品模拟物的迁移量, 通过比较各物质的估计日摄入量和毒理学安全阈值评估迁移风险。结果 苯乙烯单体和低聚物在0.02~1.00 μg/mL范围内线性良好(r均大于0.99), 在EPS样品及食品模拟物中的加标回收率为80.5%~101.2%, 相对标准偏差为1.6%~10.5% (n=3); 各物质向脂肪食品模拟物的迁移量明显大于向水和酒精食品模拟物的迁移量(P<0.05), 扩散系数为1.3×10?15~1.4×10?9 cm2/s, 迁移活化能为33.5~53.3 kJ/mol; 目标分析物的估计日摄入量均未超过其毒理学关注阈值。结论 该方法简单、可靠, 可用于测定发泡餐盒中苯乙烯单体和低聚物的含量。聚苯乙烯发泡餐盒不适合在高温条件下盛放脂肪食品。

英文摘要:

      Objective To establish a method for determination of styrene monomer and oligomers in expanded polystyrene (EPS) food containers, and to assess the safety issues of their migration further. Methods EPS samples were extracted by dichloromethane, and the migration amount of target analytes from packaging to aqueous, alcohol and fatty food simulants were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Migration risk was assessed by comparing estimated daily intakes and toxicological safety thresholds for each substance. Results Styrene monomer and oligomers had good linearity in the range of 0.02?1.00 μg/mL (r>0.99). Average spiked recoveries in EPS samples and food simulants were between 80.5% and 101.2%, the relative standard deviations were in the range from 1.6% to 10.5% (n=3). The transfer of styrene monomer and oligomers to fatty food simulant were significantly greater than that to aqueous and alcoholic food simulants (P<0.05). Diffusion coefficient of considered chemicals ranged from 1.3×10?15 to 1.4×10?9 cm2/s, and active energies ranged from 33.5 to 53.3 kJ/mol. The estimated daily intake of styrene monomer and oligomers were below their safety threshold. Conclusion This method is simple and sensitive, which is suitable for the determination of styrene monomer and oligomers in food packaging. EPS food packaging are not suitable for holding fatty foods at high temperature.