壳聚糖季铵盐复合薄荷提取物涂膜对冷藏草鱼片品质变化的影响

Effects of chitosan quaternary ammonium salt compound mint extract coating on the quality change of refrigerated grass carp fillets

中文关键词:  壳聚糖季铵盐  薄荷提取物  草鱼  冷藏  品质变化

英文关键词:chitosan quaternary ammonium salt  mint extract  grass carp  refrigeration  quality change

中文摘要:

      目的 研究新型壳聚糖季铵盐复合薄荷提取物涂膜保鲜方法对4 ℃下冷藏草鱼鱼片品质的影响。 方法 设置壳聚糖季铵盐涂膜组、壳聚糖季铵盐复合薄荷提取物涂膜组与空白对照组3组实验, 以pH值、离心损失率、色差值、硫代巴比妥酸值、挥发性盐基氮含量、K值、肌原纤维蛋白含量、活性巯基含量、Ca2+-ATP酶活性、菌落总数、感官评价、电子鼻分析、相关性分析等评价不同涂膜材料对冷藏草鱼肉品质变化的影响。结果 2种涂膜材料在贮藏前期可有效抑制蛋白劣变, 通过感官评分结合各品质劣变评价指标得出壳聚糖季铵盐复合薄荷提取物涂膜组与壳聚糖季铵盐涂膜组可分别延长冷藏草鱼货架期4.5与3 d。通过电子鼻结合感官(气味)评分得出, 2种涂膜均能有效抑制草鱼片气味劣变, 而壳聚糖季铵盐复合薄荷提取物涂膜组抑制作用更为显著(P<0.05)。结论 应用壳聚糖季铵盐作为涂膜材料可有效提高冷藏草鱼片货架期, 同时改善壳聚糖只溶于稀酸不溶于水的特性及其有限的抗菌性, 薄荷提取物的加入可进一步延长货架期同时有助于提高涂膜材料对于脂肪氧化的抑制作用以及改善草鱼固有气味。

英文摘要:

      Objective To investigate the effects of a new coating method of chitosan quaternary ammonium salt compound mint extract on the quality of grass carp fillets in cold storage at 4 ℃. Methods The 3 experiments were set up in the experiment of chitosan quaternary ammonium salt coating group, chitosan quaternary ammonium salt compound mint extract coating group and blank control group. The influences of the quality change of different coating materials to grass crap fillets of refrigeration were evaluated with pH, centrifugal loss rate, color difference value, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, volatile base nitrogen content, K value, myofibril protein content, active sulfhydryl content, Ca2+-ATPase activity, total number of colonies, sensory evaluation, electronic nose analysis and correlation analysis to determinate. Results The 2 coating materials could effectively inhibit protein deterioration in the early stage of storage. According to the sensory score and the quality deterioration evaluation indicators, the chitosan quaternary ammonium salt compound mint extract coating group and the chitosan quaternary ammonium salt coating film could extend the shelf life of refrigerated grass carp fillets by 4.5 and 3 d, respectively. The electronic nose combined with sensory (odor) score showed that both coatings could effectively inhibit the deterioration of the odor of grass carp fillets, while chitosan quaternary ammonium salt compound mint extract coating group was more significant (P<0.05). Conclusion The use of chitosan quaternary ammonium salt as a coating material can effectively increase the shelf life of frozen grass carp fillets, and at the same time improve the characteristics of chitosan that is only soluble in dilute acid and insoluble in water and its limited antibacterial properties. The addition of mint extract can further prolong the shelf life, improve the inhibition of lipid oxidation of the coating material, and improve the inherent odor of grass carp.