市售婴幼儿辅助食品中砷、汞污染情况的调查与分析

Investigation and analysis of arsenic and mercury pollution in supplementary foods for infant and young children

中文关键词:  高效液相色谱-电感耦合等离子体质谱法  婴幼儿  辅食  砷形态  汞形态  总砷  总汞

英文关键词:high performance liquid chromatography-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry  infant and young children  supplementary foods  arsenic species  mercury species  total arsenic  total mercury

中文摘要:

      目的 调查国内市售多个品牌的婴幼儿辅助食品中砷、汞的污染状况以及6种砷形态和2种汞形态含量, 分析婴幼儿食用市售婴幼儿辅食时砷、汞污染暴露的风险。方法 采集国内市场中39个品牌的138个婴幼儿辅助食品样品, 总砷和总汞采用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(inductively coupled plasma source mass spectrometer, ICP-MS)进行分析, 采用Hamilton PRP-X100阴离子分析柱和Agilent Eclipse plus C18色谱柱分别分离砷形态和汞形态, 流动相分别为25 mmol/L磷酸二氢铵水溶液:乙醇=99:1(V:V)(pH=8.0, 氨水调节)和0.1% L-半胱氨酸-10 mmol/L乙酸铵水溶液:甲醇=95:5(V:V), 高效液相色谱串联电感耦合等离子体质谱仪分析。结果 138个样品中的总砷和总汞最高浓度值分别高达4250.9和695.7 μg/kg, 其中12个样品中的总汞含量超标, 不合格率达到8.7%; 所有样品中的砷胆碱(arsenocholine, AsC)、一甲基砷(methyl arsenic, MMA)和乙基汞均低于检出限; 砷甜菜碱(arsenic betaine, AsB)、三价砷、二甲基砷(dimethylarsine, DMA)、五价砷和甲基汞的检出样品个数分别为25、68、36、135和48个; 所有样品的无机砷含量均未超标, 最高值为174.9 μg/kg。结论 市售婴幼儿辅助食品中的砷、汞存在一定程度的污染, 应引起相关部门的重视。

英文摘要:

      Objective To investigate the pollution status of arsenic and mercury in 6 kinds of infant food supplements and the content of 6 kinds of arsenic and 2 kinds of mercury in domestic market, in order to analyze the risk of exposure to arsenic and mercury pollution in infants and young children. Methods A total of 138 samples including 39 brands in domestic market were collected and analyzed. The total arsenic and mercury content were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS). The arsenic species and mercury species were separated by Hamilton PRP-X100 and Agilent Eclipse plus C18, respectively, with the mobile phase of 25 mmol/L aqueous solution of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution:ethanol=99:1(V:V) (pH=8.0, ammonium solution adjustment) and 0.1% L-cysteine-10 mmol/L aqueous ammonium acetate solution:methanol=95:5(V:V), which were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Results The maximum concentrations of total arsenic and total mercury were respectively 4250.9 and 695.7 μg/kg among 138 samples, while the concentration of total mercury in 12 samples exceeded the limit, and the unqualified rate was 8.7%. The content of arsenocholine (AsC), methyl arsenic (MMA) and ethyl mercury were below the limits of detection in all samples; 25, 68, 36, 135, and 48 samples were detected arsenic betaine (AsB), trivalent arsenic, dimethylarsine (DMA), pentavalent arsenic, and methylmercury, respectively. The inorganic arsenic (sum of trivalent arsenic and pentavalent) content of all samples did not exceed the standard, and the highest concentration was 174.9 μg/kg. Conclusion Arsenic and mercury in commercially available infant foods have a certain degree of pollution, which should be paid attention to by relevant departments.