青岛市居民酒精类饮料中氨基甲酸乙酯污染情况及风险评估

Assessment of ethyl carbamate contamination in alcoholic drinks in Qingdao city

中文关键词:  氨基甲酸乙酯  酒精饮料  食品污染  食品安全  风险评估

英文关键词:ethyl carbamate  alcohol drinks  food contamination  food safety  risk assessment

中文摘要:

      目的 分析青岛市市售酒精饮品中氨基甲酸乙酯(ethyl carbamate, EC)的污染状况及居民食物消费量, 评估EC暴露水平及其健康风险。方法 根据198份酒精饮品中EC检测结果, 结合居民食物消费量调查结果进行膳食暴露评估, 及基准剂量低限值(benchmark dose lower confidence limit, BMDL)和暴露边界比(margin of exposure, MOE)对居民膳食EC的暴露风险进行评估。结果 酒精类产品样品中EC检出率为70.80%, EC的污染水平在未检出至217.44 μg/kg范围内。风险评估结果显示, 青岛市居民从酒精饮品中摄入EC量为 0.354 μg/kg?bw, 总MOE为17500。通过饮入白酒EC最高端暴露量为0.309 μg/kg?bw, MOE为8977。结论 市售酒精类饮品EC的污染率较高且白酒中EC风险较大, 高端暴露人群超过公共卫生关注度界点, 存在较高健康风险, 应及时有效的对其进行预警及危险性评估。

英文摘要:

      Objective To investigate the contamination of ethyl carbamate (EC) in alcoholic drinks and the food consumption of Qingdao city residents, so as to assess the risk of EC from dietary intake and provide warning information. Methods According to EC test results in 198 alcohol drinks, combined with the residents' food consumption survey results dietary exposure assessment, and benchmark dose lower confidence limit (BMDL) value and margin of exposure (MOE), the risk of exposure to dietary EC was evaluated. Results The positive rate EC was 70.80% (140/198). The EC concentration ranged from non detected to 217.44 μg/kg. According to the risk assessment results, the average EC exposure of Qingdao residents from alcoholic drinks were 0.354 μg/kg?bw and the MOE was 17500, while the highest exposure was 0.309 μg/kg?bw, and the MOE was 8977. Conclusion The pollution rate of EC was high and the risk of EC was high in liquor. The high-end exposed population exceeds the public health concern threshold, and there was a high health risk. Early warning and risk assessment should be carried out timely and effectively.