硒对铅毒性拮抗作用的研究进展

Advances in antagonistic effects of selenium on lead toxicity

中文关键词:  硒  铅  毒性  拮抗作用

英文关键词:selenium  lead  toxicity  antagonistic effects

中文摘要:

      铅是环境中重要的重金属污染物, 对人体的各个系统均能产生毒性和损伤。硒是人体必需的微量元素之一, 大量研究表明, 硒与铅存在着相互拮抗作用。硒和铅在动物或人体内的含量呈负相关, 硒不仅能够拮抗铅的吸收和蓄积, 促进铅的排泄, 还能拮抗铅导致的机体各组织和细胞的氧化应激和免疫损伤、神经系统毒性、听力损伤、遗传和生殖毒性、肝肾毒性、DNA损伤等毒性作用。本文从上述几方面综述了近年来硒对铅毒性拮抗作用的研究进展。硒在人体内发挥生理作用主要通过硒蛋白实现, 本文还阐述了硒拮抗铅毒性的作用与硒蛋白的关系方面的研究进展。尽管如此, 硒拮抗铅毒性作用的研究机制仍然不明确。此外, 硒对人体的营养必需剂量和毒性剂量之间的范围非常窄, 因此, 研究硒对人体健康的保护作用的剂量效应关系是实施科学补硒的前提和基础。

英文摘要:

      Lead is an important heavy metal pollutant in the environment that can cause toxicity and damage to various systems of the human body. Selenium is one of the essential trace elements in the human body. A large number of studies have shown that there is antagonism between selenium and lead. The content of selenium and lead are negatively correlated in animals or humans. Selenium can not only antagonize the absorption and accumulation, and promote the excretion of lead, but also can antagonistic the toxicity of lead including oxidative and immunological damage, neurological toxicity, hearing impairment, genetic and reproductive toxicity, liver and kidney toxicity, DNA damage, etc.. This article reviewed the recent progresses in the antagonistic effect of selenium on lead toxicity. Because selenoprotein played very important role in the protective effects of selenium, this article also reviewed the recent progress in the relationship between the antagonistic effect of selenium on lead toxicity and selenoprotein expression. However, the mechanism of the antagonistic effect of selenium on lead toxicity remains unclear. In addition, the range between the nutrient required dose and the toxic dose is very narrow, so studies of dose-effect relationship is the prerequisite and basis for supplementation of selenium.