顶空固相微萃取-气质联用技术检测油菜籽中 挥发性成分

Detection of volatile components in rapeseed by solid phase micro-extraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

中文关键词:  顶空固相微萃取  气质联用  油菜籽  挥发性成分

英文关键词:headspace solid phase micro-extraction (HS-SPME)  gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)  rapeseed  volatiles components

中文摘要:

      目的 采用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS) 技术对正常油菜籽与霉变油菜籽中挥发性成分进行鉴定和分类分析。方法 采用顶空固相微萃取(HS-SPME)技术对油菜籽中的挥发性成分进行萃取, 优化顶空固相微萃取的微萃取头、萃取温度、萃取时间和解析时间等条件, 并结合气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS) 技术对正常油菜籽与霉变油菜籽中挥发性成分进行测定。结果 顶空固相微萃取的最佳条件为固相萃取头30/50 μm DVB/CAR/PDMS、萃取温度60 ℃、萃取时间60 min、解吸时间3 min。在最佳实验条件下, GC-MS鉴定出油菜籽中挥发性成分主要有醛类、酮类、醇类、烃类、少量酸、酯类物质及杂环类等多种组分, 其中烃类含量最高; 3-辛酮、苯乙酮、苯乙醛、苯乙醇、以及十九烷 、二十一烷等烷烃类化合物仅在霉变油菜籽中检出。结论 该方法可较好地区分正常油菜籽与霉变油菜籽。

英文摘要:

      Objective The volatile components of normal rapeseed and mildew rapeseed have been identified and classified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technology. Methods The headspace solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) technology has been used to extract volatile components in rape-seed, and the headspace solid phase microextraction head, extraction temperature, extraction time and the analytic conditions were optimized. Finally, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technology was used for the determination of volatile components in rapeseed and mildew rapeseed. Results The optimized conditions of HS-SPME were extraction fiber of 30/50 μm DVB/CAR/PDMS, extraction temperature of 60 ℃, extraction time of 60 min, and desorption time of 3 min, respectively. Under the optimal experimental conditions, the original samples and the mildew samples could be distinguished by SPME-GC-MS. The results showed that volatile compounds in rapeseed were aldehydes, alcohols, ketones, hydrocarbons, some acid ester compounds, and heterocycle group, in which alkane was the most group. 3-symplectic ketone, acetophenone, benzene acetaldehyde, phenylethyl alcohol, and alkane compounds such as nonadecane and heneicosane were only detected in the mildew rapeseed. Conclusion This method can better distinguish the normal rapeseed and mildew rapeseed.