谷物中DON、ZEA毒素的净化、检测、 毒性与生物脱毒技术的研究

A review on the clean-up, determination, toxicity and biodetoxification of deoxynivalenol and zearalenone from cereals

中文关键词:  禾谷镰刀菌  脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇  玉米赤霉烯酮  检测  毒性  生物脱毒

英文关键词:Fusarium graminearum  deoxynivalenol  zearalenone  determination  toxicity  biodetoxification

中文摘要:

      禾谷镰刀菌在侵染谷物过程中所产生的次生代谢产物——单端孢霉烯族毒素[脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(deoxynivalenol, DON)、雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(nivalenol, NIV)]以及玉米赤霉烯酮(zearalenone, ZEA)是世界上粮食安全的一个重大问题。毒素经固液萃取技术提取后, 需要通过净化处理才能进行检测与分析。目前有多种净化技术用于毒素的净化, 如免疫亲和柱、多功能净化柱等固相萃取柱等, 以及广泛使用且简便经济的QuEChERS前处理技术。本文还介绍了禾谷镰刀菌毒素中DON、ZEA的检测方法、产毒条件、毒性以及生物脱毒技术等方面的研究进展, 旨在开发与应用更安全、高效、经济的生物脱毒技术进行毒素的防御与去除, 以提供安全、优质的粮食与食品。

英文摘要:

      Fusarium graminearum colonizes cereals and produces toxic secondary metabolites, such as trichothecenes [deoxynivalenol (DON), nivalenol (NIV)] and zearalenone(ZEA). Mycotoxins contamination of cereal grains and cereal-based products is a major problem in agricultural grains production. Clean-up is necessary step for determining the mycotoxins extracted by solid-liquid extraction. There are kinds of clean-up methods applied to purify Fusarium toxins, including solid phase extraction (SPE) columns, such as specific immunoaffinity clean-up columns and mycosep multifunctional columns, as well as the cheap and effective QuEChERS-base method for cleaning-up complex samples. The determination of foods and feeds contaminated by mycotoxins, toxin-producing conditions, toxicity and biological detoxification of Fusarium graminearum toxins were also reviewed in this paper. It is crucial to develop and explore a safe, efficient and cost effective biological detoxification technology, with the purpose of supplying safety and high quality cereals and foods.