鸡蛋中兽药残留检测技术的研究现状、挑战与发展趋势

Research status, challenges and development trend of detection technology of veterinary drug residues in eggs

中文关键词:  鸡蛋  兽药残留  检测技术  QuEChERS  高分辨质谱  快速检测

英文关键词:eggs  veterinary drug residues  detection technology  QuEChERS  high resolution mass spectrometry  rapid detection

中文摘要:

      鸡蛋作为重要的营养食品, 其质量安全尤其是兽药残留问题备受关注。本文系统综述了鸡蛋中兽药残留检测技术的现状、核心挑战与发展趋势。首先剖析了我国兽药残留限量标准体系的现状, 并指出其存在的检测方法标准不配套的关键问题, 具体表现为共计24种兽药在鸡蛋基质中缺乏针对性的检测方法。其次, 重点论述了检测技术的最新进展: 在前处理技术方面, 改进的QuEChERS方法、微萃取技术和磁性固相萃取的发展显著提升了净化效率与自动化水平; 在仪器分析方面, 离子阱质谱和高分辨质谱联用等技术为实现多残留高通量筛查与非靶向发现提供了强大工具; 在快速检测技术方面, 纳米材料和传统检测技术的融合极大地提升了现场筛查的灵敏度与时效性。最后, 对未来技术的发展进行了展望, 微流控芯片技术、基于人工智能的光谱解析方法、适用于现场筛查的便携式质谱仪以及多技术联用平台的发展将是未来的发展重点。以期为保障鸡蛋产品质量安全提供参考, 并促进产业健康发展。

英文摘要:

      As an important nutritious food, the quality and safety of eggs, especially the problem of veterinary drug residues, have attracted much attention. This paper systematically reviewed the present situation, core challenges and development trend of detection technology for veterinary drug residues in eggs. First of all, this paper analyzed the current situation of the standard system of veterinary drug residue limit in China, and pointed out the key problem that the detection methods and standards are not matched, which is embodied in the lack of targeted detection methods for 24 kinds of veterinary drugs in egg matrix. Secondly, the latest progress of detection technology is emphasized: In the pretreatment technology, the development of improved QuEChERS method, micro-extraction technology and magnetic solid-phase extraction has significantly improved the purification efficiency and automation level; in instrumental analysis, ion trap mass spectrometry and high-resolution mass spectrometry provide powerful tools for multi-residue high-throughput screening and non-targeted discovery. In terms of rapid detection technology, the integration of nano-materials and traditional detection technology has greatly improved the sensitivity and timeliness of on-site screening. Finally, this paper looked forward to the future development of technology, and the development of microfluidic chip technology, spectral analysis method based on artificial intelligence, portable mass spectrometer suitable for on-site screening and multi-technology combined platform will be the focus of development. In order to provide reference for ensuring the quality and safety of egg products and promote the healthy development of the industry.