市售酒中邻苯二甲酸酯类塑化剂含量水平分析及风险暴露评估

Analysis of phthalate esters plasticizers in marketed liquors and assessment of exposure risks

中文关键词:  酒  邻苯二甲酸酯类塑化剂  膳食暴露评估

英文关键词:liquors  phthalate esters plasticizers  dietary exposure assessment

中文摘要:

      目的 了解杭州市售酒中邻苯二甲酸酯类(phthalate esters, PAEs)塑化剂的污染水平; 对比不同类型酒类样品以及不同采样环节采集样品中PAEs含量的不同; 评估杭州市民PAEs的暴露风险。方法 采用气相色谱-串联质谱法(gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, GC-MS/MS)对市售97份酒类样品中PAEs的污染状况进行调查; 利用点评估法对杭州市民摄入的PAEs进行膳食暴露评估。结果 酒中共有邻苯二甲酸二甲酯(dimethyl phthalate, DMP)、邻苯二甲酸二乙酯(diethyl phthalate, DEP)、邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯(diisobutyl phthalate, DIBP)、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(dibutyl phthalate, DBP)、邻苯二甲酸双-2-乙氧基乙酯[bis(2-ethoxyethyl) phthalate, DEEP]、邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基)己酯[bis(2-ethylexyl) phthalate, DEHP]和对苯二甲酸二(2-乙基)己酯[bis(2-ethylhexyl) terephthalate, DOTP] 7种塑化剂被检出, DBP的检出率最高, 为67.0%, DEEP和DOTP的检出率仅为3.1%和1.0%。DEP、DEEP和DOTP平均浓度值均小于检出限(limit of detection, LOD)。有5份样品DBP含量超出国家标准限量值。6个类别酒中, PAEs的检出种类、检出率及检出浓度均不同; 3种不同采样环节采集样本中, PAEs的检出率和检出浓度也不相同。DMP、DIBP、DBP和DEHP的膳食暴露量分别为0.01、0.02、0.08和0.006 μg/(kg bw·d), 危害指数(hazard index, HI)为1.2×10–3。结论 酒中DIBP、DBP和DEHP最大值的膳食暴露量分别为0.1、0.9和0.1 μg/(kg bw·d), 均小于每日耐受摄入量(tolerable daily intake, TDI), HI远小于1, 由饮酒造成的PAEs健康风险较低。

英文摘要:

      Objective To investigate the contamination level of phthalate esters (PAEs) plasticizers in marketed liquors, compare the content of PAEs in different types of alcohol samples and samples collected from different sampling links, evaluate the exposure risk of citizens of Hanghzou. Methods The contamination status of PAEs in 97 marketed liquors samples was investigated using gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS), and a point estimate method was applied to assess the dietary exposure of Hangzhou residents to PAEs. Results The 7 kinds of plasticizers including dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), bis(2-ethoxyethyl) phthalate (DEEP), bis(2-ethylexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and bis(2-ethylhexyl) terephthalate (DOTP) were detected in liquors, the detection rates of DBP was the highest, it was 67.0%, but the detection rates of DEEP and DOTP were only 3.1% and 1.0%. The mean concentration values of DEP, DEEP and DOTP were blow the limit of detection (LOD). The 5 sample was detected above the limit value of DBP. The types, detection rate and concentration of the detected PAEs were different among the 6 kinds of liquors; meanwhile, the detection rate and concentration of PAEs were also different among the samples collected from the 3 kinds of different sampling links. The mean dietary exposure values for DMP, DIBP, DBP and DEHP were 0.01, 0.02, 0.08 and 0.006 μg/(kg bw·d), hazard index (HI) was 1.2×10–3. Conclusion The max exposure values of DIBP, DBP and DEHP in liquors are 0.1, 0.9 and 0.1 μg/(kg bw·d), respectively, all of which are less than the tolerable daily intake (TDI), HI is far less than 1 and the health risk of PAEs caused to drinking is low.